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. 2025 Oct 13;18(10):1540. doi: 10.3390/ph18101540
2D Two-dimensional
3D Three-dimensional
AI Artificial Intelligence
ALI Air–Liquid Interface
ASC Adult Stem Cell
BBB Blood–Brain Barrier
BME Basement Membrane Extract
CAR-T Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell
CAF Cancer-Associated Fibroblast
CRCO Colorectal Cancer Organoids
DC Dendritic Cell
DL Deep Learning
EC Endothelial Cell
ECM Extracellular Matrix
FDA Food and Drug Administration
HCC Hepatocellular Carcinoma
HUVEC Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cell
hPSC Human Pluripotent Stem Cell
iPSC Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell
LCA Lung Cancer Assembloid
ML Machine Learning
NK Natural Killer
OoC Organ-on-a-Chip
PBMC Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell
PDO Patient-Derived Organoid
PDX Patient-Derived Xenograft
ReBiA Robotic-Enabled Biological Automation
TAM Tumor-Associated Macrophage
TIL Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte
TME Tumor Microenvironment
VEGF Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor