| T1 | Treatment 1 |
| T2 | Treatment 2 |
| T3 | Treatment 3 |
| T4 | Treatment 4 |
| T5 | Untreated control |
| DWV | Deformed wing virus |
| ABPV | Acute bee paralysis virus |
| IAPV | Israeli acute paralysis virus |
| IPM | Integrated pest management |
| N | North |
| W | West |
| °C | Degrees Celsius |
| mm | millimeter |
| cm | centimeter |
| L | Liter |
| OA | Oxalic acid |
| g | gram |
| V | Volts |
| min | minutes |
| s | seconds |
| mL | milliliter |
| cm3 | cubic centimeters |
| Tb | initial infestation in the treatment group |
| Ta | final infestation in the treatment group |
| Cb | initial infestation in the control group |
| Ca | final infestation in the control group |
| SAS | Statistical Analysis System |
| χ2 | Chi square |
| df | degree of freedom |
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