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. 2025 Sep 28;18(10):1456. doi: 10.3390/ph18101456
BBB Blood–brain barrier
CaMKII Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II
CCI Chronic constriction injury
CNS Central nervous system
CNO Clozapine-N-oxide
CREB cAMP response element-binding protein
DL Drug-likeness
DREADDs Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs
EIC Extracted ion chromatogram
GABA Gamma-aminobutyric acid
GO Gene Ontology
HE Hematoxylin–eosin staining
IPN Interpeduncular nucleus
KEGG Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes
MHb Medial habenula
mPFC Medial prefrontal cortex
NMDAR N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor
NMDAR-2B NMDA receptor subunit 2B
NPP Neuropathic pain
OB Oral bioavailability
OPA Ortho-phthalaldehyde
RT-qPCR Quantitative real-time PCR
SNI Spared nerve injury
SNRIs Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors
STZYD Shentong Zhuyu Decoction
TCAs Tricyclic antidepressants
TCM Traditional Chinese medicine
TIC Total ion chromatogram