Table 1. Indicators used to define vaccine impact vulnerability.
| Domain | Indicators | Definition | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Biological | Stunting | Percentage of children under five years who are stunted (greater than 2SD below the median height for age). | KDHS, 2022 23 , UDHS, 2016 22 |
| Anemia | Percentage of children aged 6 months to 14 years who are moderately-severely anemic (low hemoglobin levels < 8 gldl) | Kenya MIS, 2020 49 , UDHS, 2016 22 | |
| Malaria | Percentage of children aged 6 months to 14 years who tested positive for malaria by rapid diagnostic test | Kenya MIS, 2020 49 , MOH, Uganda (2022) | |
| Helminths | Maximum point prevalence of schistosomiasis and soil transmitted helminth infections | Global Atlas of Helminth Infections 50 | |
| Structural | Distance to the nearest healthcare facility | Percentage of women aged 15–49 years who reported they faced a problem of long distance to the health care facilities | KDHS, 2022 23 UDHS, 2016 22 |
| Postnatal care | Percentage of live births (newborns) aged 12–23 months who didn’t receive postnatal check within 2 months after birth. | KDHS, 2022 23 UDHS, 2016 22 | |
| Health Insurance | Percentage of households with no specific type of health insurance (National Health insurance fund, Private or community based) | KDHS, 2022 23 , UDHS, 2016 22 | |
| Place of delivery | Percentage of live births who were not delivered at a health facility | KDHS, 2022 23 UDHS, 2016 22 | |
| Immunisation cards | Percentage of children 12–23 months who didn’t have vaccination card. | KDHS, 2022 23 , UDHS, 2016 22 | |
| Rural population | Percentage of households living in rural areas | KDHS, 2022 23 , UDHS, 2016 22 | |
| Social | Household wealth | Proportion of children aged 12–23 months born to poorer/poorest households (according to the DHS wealth quintile classification) | Kenya MIS, 2020 49 UDHS, 2016 22 |
| Maternal education | Percentage of women with low level of education (either primary or no education) | Kenya MIS, 2020 49 , UDHS, 2016 22 | |
| Access to mass media | Percentage of women who had no access to specific media (newspaper, radio, TV) at least once in a week. | KDHS, 2022 23 , UDHS, 2016 22 | |
| Access to safe and clean water | Proportion of households without access to improved water sources | Kenya MIS, 2020 49 , UDHS, 2016 22 | |
| Housing conditions | Percentage of households living in informal dwellings | KCHSP, 2020 51 UNPS, 2018 52 | |
| Poor sanitation facilities | Percentage of households with unimproved sanitation facilities | Kenya MIS, 2020 49 , UDHS, 2016 22 | |
| Transport means | Percentage of households with only non-motorised means of transport to the nearest health facility.
Non-motorised includes animal-drawn cart, bicycle, boat without a motor and walking. |
Kenya MIS, 2020 49 , UDHS, 2016 2 |