Estradiol induces negative feedback in the a.m. and positive feedback in the p.m. Shown are mean values for firing rate (A and E), median instantaneous frequency (B and F), maximum duration of quiescence (C and G), and percentage of time in quiescence (D and H) in the a.m. (A–D) and in the p.m. (E–H). Gray bars represent values from cells from OVX mice in the a.m., and hatched bars indicate values from cells from OVX mice in the p.m. Open bars represent values from cells from OVX+E mice in the a.m., and filled bars indicate values from cells from OVX+E mice in the p.m. *, P < 0.05.