Figure 8. A survey of expression by PCR in ACTH_1–24 treated human osteoblasts of proteins linked to osteoblast (maturation) differentiation pathways.

The classes of proteins are discussed in [27] with illustrations of major classes and roles in biochemistry of bone. Assayed proteins include Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (A), SMADs 1,2, and 3 (Suppressors of Mothers Against Decapentaplegic, transcription factors affecting osteoblast differentiation) (B-D), Transforming Growth Factor-beta (E), Wnt1(F), beta-Catenin (G), biglycan-19 (H), and integrins A5 and B1 (I-J). The results using cells from female donors are in red, from male donors in blue. Male to female differences were not significant.