Figure 9. Model of major growth factors modified by low concentrations of ACTH_1–24 in osteoblast maturation.

The differentiation and transcription factors are defined in Fig 7 and not repeated here, for simplicity. The green area represents intracellular signals, the white area nuclear signals, although these overlap. Structural proteins are shown at the bottom in violet, and extracellular signals at the top in brown. Vertical arrows indicate increase with ACTH_1–24, although variable with concentration in the picomolar to nanomolar range, as illustrated in Figs 5 and 6.