Table 1.
Test scores of patients AMF and PVM on tests of general cognitive abilities and emotional state, and interpretation according to accepted cutoff points.
| AMF
|
PVM
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Test | 3 months | 1 year | Cutoff norms | 3 months | 1 year | Cutoff norms |
| Attention | ||||||
| Digit span WAIS backwarda | 3 | 3 | 4.1 ± 0.6b,c | 4 | 5 | 4.30 ± 1.11 |
| Stroop test | NA | NA | 52 | 52 | < 50th percentiled | |
| Letter cancellation A | 3 errors | 2 errors | 0 errorse | 0 errors | 0 errors | 0 errorse |
| Trail-Making A | NA | NA | 40 sec | 42 sec | Test 18.5 ± 5.1c Retest 16.2 ± 5.0 |
|
| Trail-Making B | NA | NA | 90 sec | 92 sec | Test 41.6 ± 11.4c Retest 34.0 ± 12.7 |
|
| Digit symbol WAIS | 5 | 7 | > 10 | 12 | 12 | > 10 |
| Reasoning | ||||||
| Picture completion WAIS | 7 | 8 | > 10 | 12 | 12 | > 10 |
| Similarities WAIS | 4 | 6 | > 10 | 14 | 12 | > 10 |
| Memory | ||||||
| Digit span WAIS forward | 4 | 4 | 4.9 ± 0.8c | 5 | 5 | 5.98 ± 1.12c |
| RAVL test (trial 1–5)f | 2, 5, 6, 8, 8 | 3, 5, 7, 8, 8 | Means 4.86, 6.81
8.66, 9.40, 9.71c |
4, 6, 10, 11, 13 | 4, 6, 9, 12, 13 | Means 7.4, 10.5, 12.2, 13.0, 13.4c |
| RAVL test after delay | 5 | 6 | 7.81 ± 3.7 | 11 | 11 | 12.1 ± 2.8 |
| Logical Memory A, immediate recall (WMS)g 5 | 5 | 13.0 ± 2.3h | 10 | 7 | 13.8 ± 6.0h | |
| Logcal Memory A after delay | 5 | 4 | 10.2 ± 4.0 | 8 | 6 | 13.0 ± 5.0 |
| ROCF immediate recall | 9 | 10 | 14.45 ± 5.3e | 11.5 | 12 | 18.88 ± 6.1e |
| ROCF delayed recall | 9.5 | 10 | 13.4 ± 6.0e | 12 | 12.5 | 20.00 ± 6.4e |
| BVRTi | 9 | 11 | 12.8 | 13 | 12 | 13.7 |
| Visuospatial/visual motor | ||||||
| ROCF copy quality | 10 | 10 | 30.5 ± 4.7c | 25 | 28 | 33.0 ± 2.8c |
| ROCF copy time | 5 min 20 sec | 4 min 30 sec | < 3 minj | 3 min 56 sec | 3 min 50 sec | > 3 minj |
| BVRFTh | 26 | 27 | Mean 31.00k | 28 | 28 | Mean 31.00k |
| Astereognosis | 5 | 5 | Mean 5e | 5 | 5 | Mean 5e |
| Poppelreuter’s test | 10 | 10 | 9 ± 1e | 10 | 10 | 9 ± 1e |
| Block design WAIS | 5 | 6 | > 10 | 12 | 12 | > 10 |
| Ideomotor praxis | 0 errors | 0 errors | 0 errorsl | 0 errors | 0 errors | 0 errorsl |
| Ideational praxis | 0 errors | 0 errors | 0 errorsl | 0 errors | 0 errors | 0 errorsl |
| Reciprocal inhibition | 0 errors | 0 errors | 0 errorse | 3 errors | 1 error | 0 mistakese |
| Motor alternate | Notm | Not | Correcte | Not | Not | Correcte |
| Motor coordination | Notn | Not | Correct | Correct | Correct | Correct |
| Rhythm reproduction | 4 | 6 | 9 ± 2e | 4 | 5 | 10 ± 2e |
| Language | ||||||
| Boston Naming Testo | 45 | 43 | 49.2 ± 5.6c | 54 | 55 | 57.8 ± 2.1c |
| Emotional status | ||||||
| Beck Depression Inventory | 14 | 10 | 10–15: minimal depression | 6 | 6 | 0–9 normal range |
| Taylor Anxiety Scalep | 33 | 21 | 16–45 | 18 | 20 | 14–45 |
Abbreviations: BVRFT, Benton Visual Recognition Form Test; BVRT, Benton Visual Retention Test; NA, not available; RAVL, Rey Auditory Verbal Learning; ROCF, Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure; WAIS, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale; WMS, Wechsler Memory Scale.
a
Weschler (1993).
b
Mean ± SD.
g
Weschler (1997).
m
The same sequence of alternation in two essays of seven trials each.
n
The movement was not correctly performed in either of the trials.
o
Goodglass and Kaplan (1990).