Fig. 1. Increased oxidative stress and NOS2 in the liver of cachectic mice. The experimental groups are as described in Materials and methods. Representative examples (n = 8 in each group) of the immunohistochemistry for malondialdehyde (MDA)–protein adducts and NOS2, using antibodies specific for MDA–lysine adducts and NOS2. PV indicates portal venules. Negligible staining was observed in all immunohistochemistries when the first antibody was omitted.