Table 1.
Description of water use activities and duration over the course of the study.
| Time | Water use activity | Duration (min) |
|---|---|---|
| Day 1 | ||
| 2100a | Participant arrives at the study house and sleeps there overnight | |
| 0800 | Baseline measurements: ambient household air, tap water, blood THM | 6.0 |
| 0820 | Breakfast, including preparation and consumption of a hot beverage from tap water (0.25 L) | 25.0 |
| 1000 | Hot water showerb | 13.0c |
| 1300 | Lunch, including drinking 0.5 L of cold tap water | 30.0 |
| 1500 | Automatic clothes washing (clothes washer)d | 50.0 |
| 1730 | Hand washinge | 0.5 |
| 1800 | Supper, including consumption of bottled water (no specified volume)f | 45.0 |
| 1900 | Automatic dish washing, open dishwasher at end of cycle | 50.0 |
| 2100 | Participant departs study house | |
| Day 2 (1 week after day 1) | ||
| 2100a | Participant arrives at the study house and sleeps there overnight | |
| 0800 | Baseline measurements: ambient household air, tap water, blood THM | 6.0 |
| 0820 | Breakfast, including consumption of a cold beverage prepared from tap water (0.25 L) | 25.0 |
| 1000 | Hot water bathb | 23.0g |
| 1300 | Lunch, including consumption of bottled water (no specified volume)f | 30.0 |
| 1400 | Automatic clothes washing, adding bleach during the wash cycle | 50.0 |
| (clothes washer II)d | ||
| 1600 | Hand washing of dishesh | 10.0 |
| 1800 | Supper, including consumption of bottled water (no specified volume)f | 45.0 |
| 1900 | Sitting in room adjacent to the study bathroom and a shower event, opening bathroom door at end of the eventi | 13.0 |
| 2100 | Participant departs study house | |
Evening before day of study; arrival between 2100 and 2300 hr allowed.
No cleaning products such as soap or shampoo were used by the participant; subjects wore swimsuits.
Participant in shower stall or bath for 10 min, followed by 3 min in study bathroom with door closed for changing clothes.
Participant did not stay in same room as water use device.
No cleaning products such as soap were used by the participant.
Bottled water was tested and confirmed to have no THM species present.
Filling time from 1000 to 1006 hr, maintained constant (6 min) for each participant; this was sufficient volume to submerge the torso and legs; participant stayed in the tub from 1006 to 1020 hr (14 min), followed by 3 min in study bathroom with door closed for changing clothes; subjects wore swimsuits.
Detergent (Dawn Ultra; Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, OH) was used.
Termed “indirect shower exposure.”