Table 2.
Similarities and differences in pathological findings between PDD and DLB
| References | Subjects | Brain regions | Methods | Findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Similarities | ||||
| Harding et al. (2001) [62] | 25 PD, 16 PDD, 24 DLB | Cortex (frontal, temporal, cingulate, and parahippocampal) | LB counts on α-synuclein IHC (LB509) | Comparable LB counts in cortex |
| Tsuboi et al. (2005) [63] | 13 PD, 6 PDD, 28 DLB | Cortex (frontal, temporal, parietal, cingulate and parahippocampal), hippocampus, and amygdala | LB counts on NACP-IHC at x200 magnification, SP and NFT counts on thioflavin S | Comparable LB counts in cortex and amygdala, SP counts in cortex and hippocampus, and NFT counts in hippocampus |
| Tsuboi et al. (2007) [64] | 7 PD, 7 PDD, 14 DLB | Putamen | % stained area of α-synuclein IHC | Comparable % stained area in putamen |
| Kalaitzakis et al. (2009) [65] | 20 PD, 12 PDD, 7 DLB | Claustrum | Semi-quantitative assessment of Aβ (4G8) IHC | Comparable Aβ in claustrum |
| Kalaitzakis et al. (2011) [66] | 52 PD, 41 PDD, 14 DLB, 7 MSA, 12 PSP | Putamen and caudate nucleus | Semi-quantitative assessment of Aβ (4G8) IHC | Comparable Aβ in putamen and caudate nucleus |
| Sierra et al. (2016) [67] | 10 PD, 10 PDD, 10 DLB, 10 AD, 10 Ctrl | Midbrain and Cerebellum | Semi-quantitative assessment of α-synuclein (KM51), p-tau (AT8), and Aβ (6F/3D) IHC | Similar α-synuclein, Aβ, and p-tau burden in midbrain and comparable Aβ burden in cerebellum |
| Differences | ||||
| Jellinger et al. (2006) [68] | 17 PDD, 17 DLB | Striatum | Semi-quantitative assessment of LRP, p-tau (AT8), and Aβ (4G8) IHC | A greater burden of LRP, Aβ plaques and tau pathology in striatum in DLB |
| Kalaitzakis et al. (2009) [65] | 20 PD, 12 PDD, 7 DLB | Claustrum | Semi-quantitative assessment of α-synuclein (BD) IHC | A greater α-synuclein burden in claustrum in DLB |
| Halliday et al. (2011) [69] | 7 PD, 12 PDD, 10 DLB, 5 ctrl | Striatum | Semi-quantitative assessment of Aβ (IE8) IHC | A greater burden of striatal Aβ plaques in DLB |
| Ruffmann et al. (2015) [70] | 49 PD, 55 PDD, 17 DLB | Cortex, striatum | Semi-quantitative assessment of α-synuclein (42 or 211) and Aβ (4G8) IHC | A greater α-synuclein burden in temporal and parietal cortices and greater Aβ burden in striatum and frontal cortex in DLB |
| Hepp et al. (2016) [71] | 27 PD, 56 PDD, 50 DLB | Cortex, amygdala, striatum | % stained area of Aβ (6F/3D) IHC | A greater Aβ burden in frontal, temporal, occipital, entorhinal cortices and caudate nucleus in DLB |
| Jellinger (2021) [72] | 60 PD, 110 PDD, 60 DLB | Cortex | Semi-quantitative assessment of CAA severity with Aβ (4G8) IHC | More severe CAA in DLB |
| Jellinger (2023) [73] | 100 PD, 110 PDD, 80 DLB | Cortex | Semi-quantitative assessment of CAA severity with Aβ (4G8) IHC | More severe CAA in DLB |
Aβ, amyloid β; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; Ctrl, control: DLB, dementia with Lewy bodies; IHC, immunohistochemistry; LB, Lewy body; LRP, Lewy-related pathology; MSA, multiple system atrophy; NFT, neurofibrillary tangle; PD, Parkinson’s disease; PDD, Parkinson’s disease dementia; PSP, progressive supranuclear palsy; p-tau, phosphorylated tau; SP, senile plaque