Table 3.

Effect sizes for the BIC, BV and PS

	BIC (f)	BV (f)	PS (f)
Control (4 weeks) vs. Control (8 weeks)	0.2053	0.0576	0.6313**
Control (4 weeks) vs. Paste	0.5085**	0.4862**	0.8293**
Control (4 weeks) vs. Foam	0.3881*	0.4294**	2.0208**
Control (8 weeks) vs. Paste	0.3032*	0.5438**	1.5350**
Control (8 weeks) vs. Foam	0.1829	0.4870**	2.7265**
Paste vs. Foam	0.1204	0.0568	1.3758**

BIC, bone‒implant contact; BV, bone volume; PS, pullout strength. Effect sizes were calculated using Eta-squared (η²) and converted to Cohen’s f to quantify the magnitude of differences between groups. Values of less than 0.25 indicate small effects, 0.25–0.4 (*) indicate medium effects, and values greater than 0.4 (**) indicate large effects