Table 3.
Longitudinal changes in eosinophil count, disease activity, damage accrual, pulmonary function, and patient-reported outcomes following benralizumab treatment.
| Outcome | Baseline (n = 33) | 3 months (n = 33) | p-value | 6 months (n = 33) | p-value | 12 months (n = 31) | p-value | 24 months (n = 25) | p-value | 36 months (n = 20) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eosinophil count (cells/µL) | 850 (515–1367) | 0 (0–0) | 0.002 | 0 (0–0) | 0.002 | 0 (0–0) | 0.008 | 0 (0–5) | 0.008 | 0 (0–0) | 0.008 |
| Patients with asthma exacerbations | 21/33 (63.6%) | 2/33 (6.1%) | <0.001 | 4/33 (12.1%) | <0.001 | 7/31 (21.9%) | 0.001 | 5/25 (20.0%) | <0.001 | 4/20 (20.0%) | 0.002 |
| BVASv3 | 2 (2–5) | 0 (0–0) | <0.001 | 0 (0–0) | <0.001 | 0 (0–2) | 0.006 | 0 (0–0) | 0.001 | 0 (0–2) | 0.005 |
| VDI | 3 (2–5) | 4 (3–5) | 1.000 | 4 (3–5) | 1.000 | 4 (3–5) | 1.000 | 4 (3–5) | 1.000 | 4 (3–5) | 1.000 |
| FEV1 (%) | 82 (65–95) *data on 31 patients |
100 (83–107) *data on 28 patients |
0.210 | 99 (85–106) *data on 29 patients |
0.020 | 103 (85–109) *data on 29 patients |
0.001 | 102 (85–110) *data on 24 patients |
<0.001 | 103 (82–113) *data on 19 patients |
0.003 |
| FVC (%) | 90 (81.5–102) *data on 31 patients |
105 (88.5–113.5) *data on 28 patients |
0.080 | 102 (97–114) *data on 29 patients |
0.051 | 104 (91–113) *data on 29 patients |
0.027 | 103 (91–109) *data on 24 patients |
0.005 | 102 (89–114) *data on 19 patients |
0.140 |
| FEF 25–75 (L/s) | 90 (81.5–102) *data on 28 patients |
73 (60–91) *data on 25 patients |
0.025 | 73.5 (52–91) *data on 24 patients |
0.082 | 75 (59–118) *data on 19 patients |
0.012 | 90 (56–110) *data on 15 patients |
0.012 | 101 (58–118) *data on 18 patients |
<0.001 |
| FeNO (ppb) | 44 (21.3–61.7) *data on 29 patients |
22 (15.5–43) *data on 25 patients |
** | 37.7 (20–60.2) *data on 20 patients |
** | 21.9 (14.5–34.5) *data on 27 patients |
** | 29.8 (17.2–40.0) *data on 21 patients |
** | 30.3 (17.5–118) *data on 18 patients |
** |
| ACT | 19 (16–23) *data on 27 patients |
24 (21–25) *data on 22 patients |
1.000 | 23 (21–24) *data on 24 patients |
0.547 | 22 (19–24) *data on 21 patients |
0.107 | 25 (22–25) *data on 21 patients |
0.028 | 25 (22–25) *data on 16 patients |
0.214 |
| SNOT-22 | 28 (20–49) *data on 16 patients |
21 (18–26) *data on 4 patients |
** | 33 (27–61) *data on 7 patients |
** | 30 (26–34) *data on 2 patients |
** | 34 (13–42) *data on 8 patients |
** | 21 (18–40) *data on 12 patients |
** |
Note: Data are expressed as median (IQR). Each follow-up timepoint (months 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36) is compared with the baseline. Categorical variables were compared using the χ2 test with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons; continuous variables were analyzed using the Friedman test, followed by Dunn’s multiple comparisons test with an additional Bonferroni correction applied for multiple testing. Statistically significant p-value according to post hoc tests are reported in bold. ** Friedman test not significant; therefore, pairwise comparisons were not performed.
Abbreviations: ACT: Asthma Control Test; BVASv3: Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score version 3; FEF: forced expiratory flow; FeNO: fractional exhaled nitric oxide; FEV1: forced expiratory volume; FVC: forced vital capacity; SNOT-22: Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22; VDI: Vasculitis Damage Index.