Table 3.
Outcomes of studies on complete responders to preoperative chemoradiation therapy followed by active surveillance in esophageal cancer
| Study | Study types | No. of patients | Histology | Chemotherapy | Radiation dose (Gy) | Outcomes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||
| After diagnosis/start of treatment | After surgery/active surveillance | ||||||
| This study | Retrospective cohort | 87a) | SCC (85); AC (2) | Primary PFL | 50.4 | 1-year OS (96.5%); 3-year OS (76.0%); mOS (129 m) | 1-year OS (90.6%); 3-year OS (72.7%); mOS (125 m); 1-year RFS (81.4%); 3-year RFS (62.0%); mRFS (68 m) |
| SANO [5] | Clinical trial (CRT + f/u vs. CRT + S) | 198b) | SCC (47); AC (147); other (4) | TC | 41.4 | NA | mOS (43 m); 2-year OS (74%); mDFS (35 m) |
| ESOPRESSO [8] | Clinical trial (CRT + f/u vs. CRT + S) | 18b) | SCC (18) | XP | 50.4 | mOS (not reached); mPFS (25.6 m) | 2-year DFS (42.7%); mDFS (21.7 m) |
| Jeong et al. [10] | Retrospective cohort (CRT + f/u vs. CRT + S) | 31b) | SCC (31) | XP | 54 | 2-year OS (61.3%); 2-year DFS (47.3%) | NA |
| Castoro et al. [23] | Retrospective cohort (CRT + f/u vs. CRT + S) | 38b) | SCC (38) | Primary FP | 45–50.4 | 5-year OS (57%) | 5-year DFS (34.6%) |
| van der Wilk et al. [9] | Retrospective cohort (CRT + f/u vs. CRT + S, matched) | 29b) | SCC (22); AC (7) | TC | 41.4 | 1-year OS (100%); 3-year OS (77%); mOS (not reached); 1-year PFS (100%); 3-year PFS (60%); mPFS (39.5) | NA |
Chemotherapy regimens: FP, 5-fluorouracil + cisplatin; PFL, cisplatin + 5-fluorouracil + leucovorin; TC, paclitaxel + carboplatin; XP, capecitabine + cisplatin.
SCC, squamous cell carcinoma; AC, adenocarcinoma; OS, overall survival; mOS, median overall survival; RFS, recurrence-free survival; mRFS, median recurrence-free survival; CRT, chemoradiotherapy; f/u, follow-up (active surveillance); S, surgery; NA, not available; mDFS, median disease-free survival; mPFS, median progression-free survival; DFS, disease-free survival; PFS, progression-free survival.
a)Number of pathological complete responders to chemoradiation therapy, followed by surgical resection. b)Number of clinical complete responders to chemoradiation therapy, managed with active surveillance without surgical intervention.