Table 6.
A summary of recent works on CS-based hydrogels and relevant systems, their applications, response mechanisms, and therapeutic uses.
| System | Application | Action trigger | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-healing carboxymethyl CS-HA | Targeted DDS | pH-responsive matrix swelling | [123] |
| CS oligosaccharide/alginate norbornene-tetrazine | Hydrophobic drug, KP DDS | pH-responsive | [305] |
| Supramolecular nanofiber-reinforced CS | Anti-inflammatory DDS | pH-responsive | [306] |
| CS and three halogenated mono-aldehydes | Antifungal, antimicrobial DDS | pH-responsive matrix swelling and erosion | [307] |
| Bletilla striata polysaccharide/CS | Rectal drug delivery | Thermosensitive | [308] |
| CS hydrogels | Antitumor DDS | pH-responsive | [309] |
| Succinoglycan/CS hydrogels | Antimicrobial DDS | pH-responsive | [310] |
| β-cyclodextrin/CS-based (polyvinyl alcohol-co-acrylic acid) | Antioxidant and antibacterial DDS | pH-responsive swelling | [311] |
| Gallol-rich CS hydrogel | Antitumor DDS | pH-responsive swelling/deswelling | [312] |
| CS/γ-alumina/carbon quantum dot | Antitumor DDS | pH-responsive | [313] |
| k-carrageenan/CS/silver NPs | Targeted anticancer DDS | pH-responsive | [314] |
| CS/crotonaldehyde | Hydrophilic DDS | pH-responsive | [315] |
| CS/fullerene | Antitumor DDS | pH-responsive | [316] |
| Carboxymethyl CS/SA | Anti-inflammatory DDS | pH-responsive | [317] |
| Carboxymethyl CS SFP/pullulan | Microneedle transdermal DDS | Swelling/deswelling | [318] |
| Polyelectrolyte/CS/pectin | Antioxidant and antibacterial DDS | pH-responsive | [319] |
| CS-gelatin | Oral DDS | pH-responsive | [320] |
| CS-dopamine-inulin aldehyde | Localized DDS | pH-responsive | [321] |
| CS microspheres/hydroxypropyl chitin | Cartilage repair DDS | Thermo-sensitive | [322] |
| CS/PEG | Antibacterial and anti-inflammatory DDS | Thermo-sensitive | [323] |