Table 1. Comparative analysis of batch and continuous mRNA vaccine manufacturing systems.
| Variables | Comparison |
|---|---|
| Productivity & yield | Batch < Continuous |
| Production consistency | Batch < Continuous |
| Reagent during reaction | Batch: decrease |
| Continuous: sustained | |
| Cost efficiency | Batch < Continuous |
| Scalability | Batch < Continuous |
| Byproduct during reaction | Batch: increased |
| Continuous: sustained low level | |
| System complexity | Batch < Continuous |
mRNA, messenger RNA.