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. 2025 Oct 28;15:1611332. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1611332

Table 3.

Specific antibiotic use, multiple infections, rare pathogens infections, and specimen type distribution of patients with different results.

Characteristics Culture positive mNGS negative (n=14) Culture negative mNGS positive (n=38) Culture positive mNGS positive* (n=27) P-value
Use antibiotics before sampling 4 (28.6%) 26 (68.4%) 9 (33.3%) 0.005*
Multiple infections 2 (14.3%) 13 (34.2%) 7 (25.9%) 0.256
Infections with rare pathogens 4 (28.6%) 14 (36.8%) 6 (22.2%) 0.445
Joint fluid 5 (35.7%) 15 (39.5%) 8 (29.6%) 0.716
Intraoperative tissue 5 (35.7%) 29 (76.3%) 12 (44.4%) 0.006*
Prosthesis ultrasound fluid 6 (42.9%) 13 (34.2%) 8 (29.6%) 0.699

*: Patients with both positive tests and non-identical and completely different results.