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. 2025 Nov 11;26:354. doi: 10.1186/s12875-025-03096-2

Table 3.

Fibrosis grade (Kleiner) and presence of any microvascular complications (neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, and/or diabetic foot ulcers) in participants with T2D. Variables are expressed as number of participants (percentage). According to the Mann–Whitney U-test, overall p-value = 0.008

All participants No complication Any complication
N 23 8 15
Fibrosis grade (Kleiner)
 0 5 (22%) 4 (50%) 1 (7%)
 1 5 (22%) 3 (38%) 2 (13%)
 2 8 (35%) 0 (0%) 8 (53%)
 3 4 (17%) 1 (13%) 3 (20%)
 4 1 (4%) 0 (0%) 1 (7%)