Table 2.

Summary of novel and investigational therapies for resistant hypertension (114, 118, 120, 122).

Medication/landmark trial	Approval date/study start	Study phase	Mode of action	Starting dose	Most common adverse events	CKD-related endpoint
Aprocitentan (PRECISION)	March 2024*	Phase 3	Dual endothelin receptor antagonist (ERA)	25 mg PO OD	Fluid retention, headache, and mild anemia	Albuminuria reduced by 28–31% (secondary endpoint)
Baxdrostat (BrigHTN)	October 2020	Phase 2	Aldosterone synthase inhibitor	0.5 mg PO OD	Hyperkalemia	NA
Lorundrostat (Target-HTN)	July 2021	Phase 2	Aldosterone synthase inhibitor	50 mg PO OD	Hyperkalemia	Change in eGFR was not tested for significance
Zilebesiran (KARDIA-3)	February 2024	Phase 2	Angiotensinogen synthesis inhibitor	150, 300, or 600 mg SC as a single dose	Injection-site reaction	Awaiting the results

eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; NA, not applicable; OD, once daily; PO, orally; SC, subcutaneously. * Aprocitentan is the only approved medication. The other dates represent the study start date for each respective medication.