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. 2025 Nov 11;25:459. doi: 10.1186/s12880-025-01972-y

Table 4.

Qualitative image quality for reviewer 2

Images Quality Score
Descriptive Statistics Pairwise Comparison P
A Mean ± SD Score range

Friedman

Test p

Reconstruction method FBP NMAR O-MAR PISC

CNN-

MAR

DuDoNet
2.15 ± 0.58 1–3 <0.001 FBP -
2.38 ± 0.54 1–3 NMAR 1.000 -
2.55 ± 0.64 1–4 O-MAR 0.837 1.000 -
3.58 ± 0.96 2–5 PISC <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 -
3.28 ± 0.60 2–4 CNN-MAR <0.001 <0.001 0.002 1.000 -
2.78 ± 0.70 1–4 DuDoNet 0.017 0.297 1.000 0.011 0.197 -
B
3.00 ± 0.00 3–3 <0.001 FBP -
3.00 ± 0.00 3–3 NMAR 1.000 -
3.00 ± 0.00 3–3 O-MAR 1.000 1.000 -
3.00 ± 0.00 3–3 PISC 1.000 1.000 1.000 -
2.95 ± 0.22 2–3 CNN-MAR 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 -
2.15 ± 0.36 2–3 DuDoNet <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 -
C
1.00 ± 0.00 1–1 <0.001 FBP -
2.43 ± 0.50 2–3 NMAR <0.001 -
1.85 ± 0.48 1–3 O-MAR <0.001 0.028 -
1.25 ± 0.44 1–2 PISC 1.000 <0.001 0.002 -
1.43 ± 0.50 1–2 CNN-MAR 0.214 <0.001 0.075 1.000 -
2.18 ± 0.45 1–3 DuDoNet <0.001 1.000 0.837 <0.001 <0.001 -
D
4.00 ± 0.00 4–4 <0.001 FBP -
3.93 ± 0.27 3–4 NMAR 1.000 -
3.93 ± 0.27 3–4 O-MAR 1.000 1.000 -
3.93 ± 0.27 3–4 PISC 1.000 1.000 1.000 -
3.93 ± 0.27 3–4 CNN-MAR 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 -
2.98 ± 0.28 2–4 DuDoNet <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 -

Qualitative score ratings and statistical results of (A) metal artifacts severity and diagnostic confidence, (B) resolution, (C) the extent of new artifacts, and (D) the contours of different soft tissue interfaces

Statistically significant results are highlighted in bold in the table

SD, standard deviation