BCL-2	B-cell lymphoma 2
CCND1	Gene encodes the cyclin D1 protein
CDKs	Cyclin-dependent kinases
CDKN2A	Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A
DNMT	DNA methyltransferase 1
eATP	Extracellular ATP
EGFR	Epidermal growth factor receptor
EMT	Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition
FGFR	Fibroblast growth factor receptors
GSK3β	Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta
hTERT	Human telomerase catalytic subunit
hPDLSCs	Human periodontal ligament stem cells
HRAS	GTPase, also known as transforming protein p21
HNSCC	Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
HPV	Human papillomavirus
JAK1/2	Janus kinase 1/2
Ltp1	Low-molecular-weight tyrosine phosphatase
LOX	Lysyl oxidase
ILs	Interleukins
LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
FimA/Mfa1	Fimbriae
RgpA/RgPb	Gingipains (cysteine proteinases)
OMVs	Outer membrane versicles (OMVs)
HA	Hemagglutinins
HM0 × 1	Heme oxygenase-1
MiRNA	Micro ribonucleic acid
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MMPs	Matrix metalloproteinases
MPO	Myeloperoxidase
mTOR	Mammalian target of rapamycin
NDK	Nucleoside-diphosphate-kinase
NLRP3	Pyrin domain-containing protein 3
NF-κB	Nuclear factor kappa beta
NOD1	Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 1
NOTCH1	Neurogenic locus notch homologue protein 1
OMVs	Outer membrane versicles
OPSCC	Oropharynx squamous cell carcinomas
OSCC	Oral squamous cell carcinoma
OTSCC	Tongue squamous cell carcinoma
PIK3CA	Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase
PPAD	Citrullinating enzyme—peptidylarginine deiminase
PDCD4	Programmed cell death 4
RB1	Retinoblastoma protein, a tumour suppressor protein
STAT3	Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3
SOD2	Superoxide dismutase 2
TLRs	Toll-like receptors
TIGKs	Gingival epithelial keratinocytes
TP53	Tumour protein p53
TNF	Tumour necrosis factor