| AUC | Area under the curve |
| CRP | C-reactive Protein |
| CVD | Cardiovascular disease |
| CQI | carbohydrate quality index |
| DS | Dietary Starch |
| DF | Dietary fiber |
| DRI | Dietary Reference Intake |
| FAO | Food and Agriculture Organization |
| FGM/isCGM | Flash/Intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring |
| g | Gram |
| GI | Glycemic index |
| GL | Glycemic load |
| GR | Glycemic response |
| GLP-1 | Glucagon-like peptide |
| G6P | Glucose-6-phosphatase |
| HbA1c | Hemoglobin A1c |
| I3C | Indile-3-carbinol |
| IDF | Insoluble dietary fiber |
| KFCD | Korean Food Composition Database |
| LDL | Low-density lipoprotein |
| MLRA | Multiple linear regression analysis |
| PCA | Principal component analysis |
| PEPCK | Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase |
| SCFAs | Short-chain fatty acids |
| SDF | Soluble dietary fiber |
| SFN | Sulforaphane |
| T2DM | Type 2 Diabetes mellitus |
| TC | Total Carbohydrates |
| TG | Total Glucose |
| TF | Total Fructose |
| TS | Total Starch |
| USDA | U.S. Department of Agriculture |
| WHO | World Health Organization |