| PSEA | Portion size estimation aid |
| PSEE | Portion size estimation element |
| NCD | Noncommunicable disease |
| NHANES | National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey |
| EFSA EU | European Food Safety Authority European Union |
| 24HR | 24-h recalls |
| FFQ | Food frequency questionnaire |
| CAFD | Central Asian Food Dataset |
| CAFSD | Central Asian Food Scenes Dataset |