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. 2025 Nov 1;26(21):10663. doi: 10.3390/ijms262110663
AE Atropine equivalents
ALP Alkaline phosphatase
AMR Antimicrobial resistance
ANOVA Analysis of Variance
ALT (SGPT) Alanine Aminotransferase/Serum Glutamic-Pyruvic Transaminase
AST (SGOT) Aspartate Aminotransferase/Serum Glutamic-Oxaloacetic Transaminase
BSI Botanical Survey of India
CI Confidence Interval
CLSI Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute
COL1A1 Collagen Type I Alpha 1 Chain
COL3A1 Collagen Type III Alpha 1 Chain
CO2 Carbon Dioxide
CSIR Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (India)
CPCSEA Committee for the Purpose of Control and Supervision of Experiments on Animals (India)
DMEM Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium
DMSO Dimethyl sulfoxide
DPPH 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl
ECM Extracellular matrix
EDTA Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid
ELISA Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
FBS Fetal bovine serum
FeCl3 Ferric Chloride
FTIR Fourier-Transform Infrared (Spectroscopy)
GAE Gallic acid equivalents
GSE Ginsenoside equivalents
HaCaT Human Keratinocyte Cell Line (immortalized)
H&E Hematoxylin and eosin
HO-1 Heme Oxygenase-1 axis
H2O2 Hydrogen Peroxide
IAEC Institutional Animal Ethics Committee
IC50 Half-maximal inhibitory concentration
IMTECH Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR, India)
LC-QTOF-MS Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometr
LC50 Lethal concentration for 50% of organisms
LT Lobelia trigona/alsinoides ethanolic extract (as used for the ointment)
MBC Minimum bactericidal concentration
MFC Minimum fungicidal concentration
MIC Minimum inhibitory concentration
MRSA Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
MTS Masson’s trichrome staining
MTCC Microbial Type Culture Collection
MTT 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyl-2H-Tetrazolium Bromide
NA Nutrient Agar
NADH Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (reduced form)
NBT Nitro blue tetrazolium
NCCS National Centre for Cell Science (India)
NF-κB Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NMR Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Nrf2 Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
PBS Phosphate-buffered saline
PDA Potato Dextrose Agar
PMS Phenazine Methosulfate
qRT-PCR Quantitative Real-Time Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction
R2 Coefficient of Determination
RE Rutin equivalents
ROS Reactive oxygen species
SOB Simple ointment base
TBA Thiobarbituric acid
TCA Trichloroacetic acid
TGF-β Transforming growth factor-beta
TNAU Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (India)
UAE Ursolic acid equivalents
VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor
v/v Volume per Volume
w/w Weight per Weight