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. 2025 Oct 31;15(21):2762. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15212762
AUC-PR Area Under the Precision–Recall Curve
AUC-ROC Area Under the ROC Curve
CHASE_DB1 Child Heart and Health Study in England
CNN Convolutional Neural Network
CWS Cotton-wool spot
DDR Diabetic Retinopathy Grading and Segmentation Challenge
DNN Deep Neural Network
DL Deep Learning
DR Diabetic retinopathy
DRIVE Digital Retinal Images for Vessel Extraction
EX Hard exudate
FoV Field of View
FW Fovea
FP False Positive
FN False Negative
HE Hemorrhage
HRF High-Resolution Fundus image Database
IDRiD Indian Diabetic Retinopathy Image Dataset
IoU Intersection over Union
MA Microaneurysm
mBFScore Mean Boundary F1-Score
OD Optic disc
PCA Principal Component Analysis
RTNet Relation Transformer Network
SE Soft exudate
SGDM Stochastic Gradient Descent with Momentum
STARE Structured Analysis of the Retina
TJDR Tianchi Diabetic Retinopathy
TP True Positive
TN True Negative