ALS	amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
APCs	astrocyte progenitor cells
BMSCs	bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
CAR-T	Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell
CCL5	C-C motif chemokine ligand 5
CMC	Chemistry, Manufacturing, and Controls
CNS	central nervous system
CXCL12	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12
DNPCs	dopaminergic neuron progenitor cells
ECG	electrocardiography
EGFR	epidermal growth factor receptor
ELISA	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
EMA	European Medicines Agency
EOGRTS	Extended One-Generation Reproductive Toxicity Study
EpiSCs	human epidermal stem cells
ESC	embryonic stem cells
EVs	extracellular vesicles
FDA	Food and Drug Administration
H&E	haematoxylin–eosin
hESC-RPE	human embryonic stem cell–derived retinal pigment epithelial cells
HLA	human leukocyte antigens
HSC	hematopoietic stem cells
IAHSCT	immunoablative autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
IBD	inflammatory bowel disease
ICH	International Conference on Harmonisation
IHC	immunohistochemistry
iPSCs	induced pluripotent stem cells
Ki67	antigen Kiel 67
KLF4	Krüppel-like factor 4
MLR	mixed lymphocyte culture reaction
MRI	magnetic resonance imaging
MSCs	mesenchymal stem/stromal cells
NANOG	homeobox protein NANOG
NK	natural killer
NPCs	neural progenitor cells
OCT3/4	octamer-binding transcription factor 3/4
OPCs	oligodendrocyte progenitor cells
PBMCs	peripheral blood mononuclear cells
PCOs	primary cholangiocyte organoids
PCR	polymerase chain reaction
PCNA	proliferating cell nuclear antigen
PD	Parkinson disease
PET	positron emission tomography
PMDA	Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency
SCID	severe combined immunodeficiency
SRY	SRY-box transcription factor 2
SPECT	single-photon emission computed tomography
SSEA4	stage-specific embryonic antigen-4
TBI	traumatic brain injury
TRA-1-60	tumor rejection antigen 1-60
TRA-1-81	tumor rejection antigen 1-81
UC-MSCs	human umbilical cord–derived mesenchymal stem cells