Table 2. Characteristics and key findings from included studies.

WOMAC - Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index; KSS - Knee Society Score; VAS - Visual Analogue Scale; OKS - Oxford Knee Score; IKDC - International Knee Documentation Committee Score; AKSS - American Knee Society Score; UCLA - University of California, Los Angeles Activity Score; KOOS - Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score; FJS - Forgotten Joint Score; APQ - Activity and Participation Questionnaire; KSKS - Knee Society Knee Score; KSFS - Knee Society Functional Score; PCS - Pain Catastrophizing Scale; MCS - Mental Component Summary; PROMs - Patient-Reported Outcome Measures; TKA - total knee arthroplasty

Study	Group	Design	Sample size	Mean age	Follow-up	PROMs reported	Implant survival	Complications / revisions
Iriberri et al. [3] 2018	Intervention	Retrospective case series	8	52	14.6 years	WOMAC, KSS, VAS	87.5%	2 (loosening, deterioration)
Jaber et al. [6]  2023	Intervention	Retrospective cohort	23	48	10 years (6–14.5)	OKS, IKDC, AKSS, VAS, Tegner, UCLA	91.4%	2 (trauma, osteoarthritis progression)
Kennedy et al. [5]  2019	Intervention	Prospective cohort	76	52.6	6.4 years (1–15)	OKS, Tegner	92.3%	3 (infection, osteoarthritis progression)
Tecame et al. [16]   2019	Intervention	Retrospective cohort	24	48	42–53 months	KSS, WOMAC	Not reported	None reported
Tian et al. [17] 2016	Intervention	Prospective cohort	28	50.5	52 ± 8 months	OKS, KSS, Tegner	Not reported	2 bearing dislocations
Tinius et al. [4] 2012	Intervention	Prospective cohort	27	44	53 months	KSS	Not reported	None reported
Ventura et al. [18] 2015	Intervention	Retrospective cohort	14	55	26.7 months	KOOS, OKS, AKSS, WOMAC, Tegner	Not reported	1 arthroscopy, no revisions
Ventura et al. [19] 2020	Intervention	Retrospective cohort	12	54	7.8 years	KOOS, OKS, AKSS, WOMAC, KT-1000	Not reported	1 revision to TKA (osteoarthritis progression)
Volpin et al. [20] 2017	Intervention	Systematic review	186 total	50.5	37.6 months	OKS, KSS, Tegner (varied across studies)	92.7% at 5–8 yrs	3 bearing dislocations, 2 infections, 1 TKA
Annapareddy et al. [21] 2023	Comparator	Prospective matched cohort	206	60.7	3.8 years	OKS, FJS, WOMAC, EQ-5D, Kujala	No revisions	None reported
Bagge et al. [22] 2025	Comparator	Prospective cohort	782	67	2 years	OKS, FJS, APQ	93–95% PASS/MIC	None reported
Bagherifard et al. [23] 2023	Comparator	Retrospective cohort	17	63	3.1 years	OKS, KSS, KOOS, VAS	100%	None reported
Jansen et al. [24] 2020	Comparator	Matched cohort	135	~65	≥1 year	OKS, KSS, satisfaction	Not reported	None reported
Liddle et al. [7] 2015	Comparator	Propensity-matched registry	14,076	~65	6 months	OKS, EQ-5D, satisfaction	Not reported	Fewer complications than TKA
Tan et al. [8] 2020	Comparator	Propensity-matched cohort	218	60.4	10 years	OKS, KSKS, KSFS, SF-36 PCS/MCS	Not reported	90.8% satisfaction, no revisions
Wilson et al. [1] 2019	Comparator	Systematic review/meta-analysis	104,000+	~65	5–15 years	OKS, KSS, PROMs, complications	89–96% at 10–15 yrs	Lower mortality, fewer complications than TKA