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. 2025 Nov 13;25:897. doi: 10.1186/s12877-025-06472-w

Table 2.

Overall rating and grading the evidence of each measurement property for each scale across all vadidation study

CONTENT VALIDITY STRUCTURAL VALIDITY INTERNAL CONSISTENCY CROSS CULTURAL VALIDITY MEASUREMENT INVARIANCE RELIABILITY MEASUREMENT ERROR CRITERION VALIDITY CONSTRUCT VALIDITY RESPONSIVENESS
OVERALL SCORE RELEVANCE COMPREHENSIVENESS COMPREHENSIBILITY
Generalized VoA
 AAAQ Rating - - - -  +   +  -  + 
GRADE D D D D A A C  C
 AAQ Rating  ±   ±   ±   ±   ±   ±  ?  ±   ±   ± 
GRADE B B B B B B D D D B
 AS Rating  ±   ±  -  ±  ?  +  ?
GRADE D D D C B A C
 EAS Rating  ±   ±   ±   +   +   +   +  -
GRADE D D D D B A B D
 ERA Rating  ±   ±   ±   +   ±   ±  ? ? ?
GRADE B B A B B C C D B
 IAS Rating  ±   +  -  ±   +  - ? ?
GRADE C B C D B B B C
 KMAQ Rating  ±   ±  -  ±   +  ?
GRADE D D D D C D
 (N)EBA Rating  ±   ±   ±   ±  ?  +   ±   ± 
GRADE D D D D C A C C
 (N)EBA-SIS Rating  ±   ±  ? ?  ±   ± 
GRADE D D D D C C
 MSASA Rating  ±   ±   +   +  ? ? ? ?
GRADE D D D D C A D D
 ROPE Rating  ±   ±  -  ±  ?  +  ? ?
GRADE B B B B D C D D
 RSQ-Age Rating  ±   ±   ±   ±  ?  +  ?  + 
GRADE D D D D D A D A
 VAS Rating  ±   ±   ±   ±  ?  ±  ?  ± 
GRADE D D D D C B D B
Personal VoA
 AARC Rating  ±   ±   ±   ±   +   +  ?  +  ?  ±   ± 
GRADE B B B B B A C A C B B
 AAS Rating  ±   ±   ±   ±   ±   ±  ?  ±  ? ?
GRADE C C C C B B D B D D
 AgeCog Rating  ±   ±  -  ±  ?  +  ?
GRADE C C C C A A C
 ATOA Rating  ±   ±   ±   ±   +   ±  ?  ±   ± 
GRADE D D C D A B B C B
 APQ Rating  ±   ±   ±   ±   ±   ±  ?  ±   ±   ± 
GRADE C C C C C B D B B B
 Felt age Rating - - - - ?
GRADE D D D D D
 MCI, ACS Rating  ±   ±   ±   ±   +  - ? ?
GRADE D D D D A A C D
 MFQ Rating  ±   ±   ±   ±   ±   +   ±  ?  ± 
GRADE C C C C B A A D B
 MIA Rating  ±   ±   ±   ±   ±   ±  ?  ±  ?  ± 
GRADE D D D D C B D C D C
 PAS Rating ? ? ? ?  +   +   +   ± 
GRADE B B B B A A A A
Perceptions of age Rating  ±   ±  -  ±  ?
GRADE D D D D D
 PMCS Rating  ±   ±  -  ±  ?
GRADE D D D D D
 SAPS Rating ?  ±  ? ?  +   +  ?
GRADE C C C C A A D

Overall rating of psychometric property (Rating), + (sufficient), —(insufficient), ± (inconsistent), ? (indeterminate). Overall quality of the evidence (GRADE), A = High (very confident that the true measurement lies close to the estimate), B = Moderate (moderately confident in the measurement property estimate), C = Low (limited confidence in the measurement property). D = Very low (very little confidence in the measurement property estimate)

Questionnaires: AAAQ  Active Ageing Awareness Questionnaire, AARC  Awareness of Age-Related Change, AAS  Anxiety about Aging Scale, AAQ  Attitudes to Ageing Questionnaire, AgeCog  Aging-Related Cognitions Scales, APQ  Aging Perceptions Questionnaire, ACS  Aging Concerns Scales, AS  Ageism Survey, EAS  Everyday Ageism Scale, ERA  Expectations Regarding Aging, IAS  Image of Aging Scale, KMAQ Knowledge of Memory Aging Questionnaire, MCI  Memory Controllability Inventory, MFQ  Memory Functioning Questionnaire, MIA  Metamemory in Adulthood, MSASA  Multidimensional Scale for the Assessment of the Salience of Age, (N)EBA Essentialist and (Non)essentialist beliefs about aging, (N)EBA-SIS  Single-item scale for (Non)essentialist beliefs about aging, PAS  Positive Aging Scale, Perceptions of age Age-group identity, Comparative age, Felt age, Subjective nearness-to-death, PMCS  Practical Memory Concerns Survey, ROPE Relating to Old People Evaluation, RSQ-Age  Age-Based Rejection Sensitivity Questionnaire, SAPS  Subjective Aging Perception Scale, VAS  Views on Aging Scales, ATOA  Attitudes Toward Own Aging Scale