Table 12. The differences in social demographics, lifestyles, and developmental adverse events between participants who provided cognitive scores in the follow-up.
We used social demographics, lifestyles, and developmental adverse events collected at baseline.
| Variable names | Having cognitive scores in the follow-up. | Not having cognitive scores in the follow-up. | Test statistics |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age in months | Mean (sd): 119.3 (7.5) | Mean (sd): 118.3 (7.6) | Yuen’s t(3783)=6.05, p < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.092 |
| Sex | Male = 3918 (52.4%) Female = 3564 (47.6%) Intersex-Male=1 (0.0%) Intersex-female=0 (0.0%) Do not know = 0 (0.0%) | Male = 1776 (53.2%) Female = 1563 (46.8%) Intersex-Male=2 (0.1%) Intersex-female=0(0.0%) Do not know = 0 (0.0%) | (X2 = 4, N = 10824)=6, p=0.199 |
| Body Mass Index | Mean (sd): 18.7 (4.1) | Mean (sd): 18.9 (4.4) | Yuen’s t (3658)=1.605, p=0.109, Cohen’s d=0.023 |
| Race | White = 4190 (56.0%) Black = 918 (12.3%) Hispanic = 1441 (19.3%) Asian = 157(2.1%) Other = 777 (10.4%) | White = 1611 (48.2%) Black = 612 (18.3%) Hispanic = 689 (20.6%) Asian = 68(2.0%) Other = 360 (10.8%) | X2(16, N=10823)=20, p = 0.22 |
| Bilingual Use | Mean (sd): 1 (1.7) | Mean (sd): 1 (1.7) | Yuen’s t(3776)=0.696, p=0.486, Cohen’s d=0.011 |
| Parent Marital Status | Married = 5239 (70.5%) Widowed = 59(0.8%) Divorced = 684 (9.2%) Separated = 264 (3.6%) NeverMarried = 806(10.8%) LivingWithPartner = 381 (5.1%) | Married = 2194 (66.0%) Widowed = 29(0.9%) Divorced = 290 (8.7%) Separated = 135 (4.1%) NeverMarried = 460(13.8%) LivingWithPartner = 214 (6.4%) | X2(25, N=10755)=30, p=0.224 |
| Parents' Education | Mean (sd): 16.6 (2.6) | Mean (sd): 16.3 (2.8) | Yuen’s t(3262)=4.175, p<0.001, Cohen’s d=0.068 |
| Parents' Income | Mean (sd): 7.4 (2.3) | Mean (sd): 7.2 (2.5) | Yuen’s t(2854)=2.243, p=0.025, Cohen’s d=0.034 |
| Household Size | Mean (sd): 4.7 (1.5) | Mean (sd): 4.7 (1.6) | Yuen’s t(3718)=0.39, p=0.697, Cohen’s d=0.007 |
| Economics Insecurities | Mean (sd): 0.4 (1.1) | Mean (sd): 0.5 (1.1) | Yuen’s t(1982)=2.65, p=0.008, Cohen’s d=0.033 |
| Area Deprivation Index | Mean (sd): 94.6 (20.7) | Mean (sd): 94.9 (21.2) | Yuen’s t(3297)=1.686, p=0.092, Cohen’s d=0.029 |
| Lead Risk | Mean (sd): 5 (3.1) | Mean (sd): 5.1 (3.1) | Yuen’s t(3374)=1.797, p=0.072, Cohen’s d=0.027 |
| Uniform Crime Reports | Mean (sd): 12.1 (5.5) | Mean (sd): 12 (6.1) | Yuen’s t(3370)=0.873, p=0.383, Cohen’s d=0.014 |
| Parent reported Neighbourhood Safety | Mean (sd): 11.8 (2.9) | Mean (sd): 11.6 (3) | Yuen’s t(3382)=1.799, p=0.072, Cohen’s d=0.025 |
| Child reported Neighbourhood Safety | Mean (sd): 4.1 (1.1) | Mean (sd): 4 (1.1) | Yuen’s t(3786)=2.258, p=0.024, Cohen’s d=0.036 |
| School Environment | Mean (sd): 20 (2.8) | Mean (sd): 19.8 (2.9) | Yuen’s t(3787)=1.763, p=0.078, Cohen’s d=0.029 |
| School Involvement | Mean (sd): 13.1 (2.3) | Mean (sd): 12.9 (2.4) | Yuen’s t(3790)=3.203, p=0.001, Cohen’s d=0.05 |
| School Disengagement | Mean (sd): 3.7 (1.4) | Mean (sd): 3.8 (1.5) | Yuen’s t(3800)=2.171, p=0.03, Cohen’s d=0.035 |
| Lack of Sleep | Mean (sd): 1.7 (0.8) | Mean (sd): 1.7 (0.8) | Yuen’s t(3860)=3.084, p=0.002, Cohen’s d=0.05 |
| Sleep Disturbance | Mean (sd): 1.9 (Abramovitch et al., 2021) | Mean (sd): 1.9 (Abramovitch et al., 2021) | Yuen’s t(3877)=1.567, p=0.117, Cohen’s d=0.025 |
| Sleep Initiating Maintaining | Mean (sd): 11.7 (3.7) | Mean (sd): 11.9 (3.8) | Yuen’s t(3862)=2.481, p=0.013, Cohen’s d=0.038 |
| Sleep Breathing Disorders | Mean (sd): 3.7 (1.2) | Mean (sd): 3.8 (1.3) | Yuen’s t(3834)=1.43, p=0.153, Cohen’s d=0.022 |
| Sleep Arousal Disorders | Mean (sd): 3.4 (0.9) | Mean (sd): 3.4 (Abramovitch et al., 2021) | Yuen’s t(3885)=0.966, p=0.334, Cohen’s d=0.013 |
| Sleep Wake Transition Disorders | Mean (sd): 8.2 (2.6) | Mean (sd): 8.1 (2.6) | Yuen’s t(3828)=1.198, p=0.231, Cohen’s d=0.022 |
| Sleep Excessive Somnolence | Mean (sd): 6.9 (2.4) | Mean (sd): 7 (2.5) | Yuen’s t(3836)=0.131, p=0.896, Cohen’s d=0.007 |
| Sleep Hyperhidrosis | Mean (sd): 2.4 (1.2) | Mean (sd): 2.5 (1.2) | Yuen’s t(4375)=1.755, p=0.079, Cohen’s d=0.029 |
| Individual Physical Extracurricular Activities | Mean (sd): 5 (5.7) | Mean (sd): 4.7 (5.4) | Yuen’s t(4173)=2.933, p=0.003, Cohen’s d=0.044 |
| Team Physical Extracurricular Activities | Mean (sd): 8.4 (7.7) | Mean (sd): 7.8 (7.4) | Yuen’s t(4007)=3.604, p<0.001, Cohen’s d=0.055 |
| Non Physical Extracurricular Activities | Mean (sd): 5.1 (6.3) | Mean (sd): 4.8 (6.1) | Yuen’s t(4075)=2.961, p=0.003, Cohen’s d=0.047 |
| Physically Active | Mean (sd): 3.5 (2.3) | Mean (sd): 3.4 (2.3) | Yuen’s t(3838)=2.094, p=0.036, Cohen’s d=0.033 |
| Mature Video Games Play | Mean (sd): 0.5 (0.8) | Mean (sd): 0.6 (0.9) | Yuen’s t(3816)=1.396, p=0.163, Cohen’s d=0.022 |
| Mature Movies Watch | Mean (sd): 0.4 (0.6) | Mean (sd): 0.4 (0.7) | Yuen’s t(3728)=4.038, p<0.001, Cohen’s d=0.065 |
| Weekday Screen Use | Mean (sd): 3.3 (3) | Mean (sd): 3.6 (3.3) | Yuen’s t(3220)=4.161,p<0.001, Cohen’s d=0.069 |
| Weekend Screen Use | Mean (sd): 4.5 (3.5) | Mean (sd): 4.8 (3.7) | Yuen’s t(3521)=3.218, p=0.001, Cohen’s d=0.053 |
| Tobacco Before Pregnant | No = 6328 (86.7%) Yes = 974 (13.3%) | No = 2838 (86.7%) Yes = 436 (13.3%) | X2(1,=10576)=0, p=1 |
| Tobacco After Pregnant | No = 6968 (95.2%) Yes = 351 (4.8%) | No = 3081 (94.2%) Yes = 190 (5.8%) | X2(1,=10590)=0, p=1 |
| Alcohol Before Pregnant | No = 5174 (73.4%) Yes = 1871 (26.6%) | No = 2380 (75.4%) Yes = 775 (24.6%) | X2(1,=10200)=0, p=1 |
| Alcohol After Pregnant | No = 7096 (97.1%) Yes = 210 (2.9%) | No = 3175 (97.4%) Yes = 85 (2.6%) | X2(1,=10566)=0, p=1 |
| Marijuana Before Pregnant | No = 6874 (94.5%) Yes = 399 (5.5%) | No = 3044 (93.9%) Yes = 199 (6.1%) | X2(1,=10516)=0, p=1 |
| Marijuana After Pregnant | No = 7182 (98.2%) Yes = 130 (1.8%) | No = 3191 (97.7%) Yes = 74 (2.3%) | X2(1,=10577)=0, p=1 |
| Developmental Prematurity | No = 5945 (80.3%) Yes = 1458 (19.7%) | No = 2735 (83.0%) Yes = 561 (17.0%) | X2(1, N=10699)=0, p=1 |
| Birth Complications | Mean (sd): 0.4 (0.8) | Mean (sd): 0.4 (0.7) | Yuen’s t(3591)=0.121, p=0.904, Cohen’s d=0.007 |
| Pregnancy Complications | Mean (sd): 0.6 (Abramovitch et al., 2021) | Mean (sd): 0.6 (Abramovitch et al., 2021) | Yuen’s t(3543)=1.19, p=0.234, Cohen’s d=0.018 |
| Parental Monitoring | Mean (sd): 4.4 (0.5) | Mean (sd): 4.4 (0.5) | Yuen’s t(3810)=0.451, p=0.652, Cohen’s d=0.009 |
| Parent-reported Family Conflict | Mean (sd): 2.5 (1.9) | Mean (sd): 2.6 (2) | Yuen’s t(3805)=1.404, p=0.16, Cohen’s d=0.023 |
| Child report Family Conflict | Mean (sd): 2 (1.9) | Mean (sd): 2.1 (2) | Yuen’s t(3809)=1.751, p=0.08, Cohen’s d=0.026 |
| Parent reported Prosocial | Mean (sd): 1.8 (0.4) | Mean (sd): 1.8 (0.4) | Yuen’s t(3817)=0.288, p=0.774, Cohen’s d=0.007 |
| Child reported Prosocial | Mean (sd): 1.7 (0.4) | Mean (sd): 1.7 (0.4) | Yuen’s t(3849)=2.529, p=0.011, Cohen’s d=0.041 |