Table 2.
Screening results of HTS-DPPH assay from 80 entries (extracts from the identified plant species) of MyNature50000 repository. Each entry has been verified for the codes (appeared in IPNAT numbers), botanical and local names. The first screening results were presented in positive (‘yes’) or negative (‘no’) scores for DPPH reagent colour changes, as well as optical density (OD) values at A530. Positive results for primary screening were subjected to secondary screening for antioxidant activity confirmation through a dose-response for EC50 values determination.
| No. | IPNAT codes in MyNature50000 repository | Botanical name | Local name | Form of extract (methanol or aqueous extract) | First screening scores (‘Yes’ or ‘ No’ colour change; A530 value at 50 μg/mL) | Second screening (EC50 μg/mL for DPPH radical scavenging assay) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gallic Acid (Standard antioxidant 1) | - | Yes; 0.390 ± 0.06 | 3.48 ± 0.22 | |||
| Ascorbic Acid (Standard antioxidant 2) | - | Yes; 0.407 ± 0.05 | 6.48 ± 0.75 | |||
| 1 | IPNAT00148a/M01 | Avicennia alba | Api Api Putih | Methanol | No; 0.668 ± 0.07 | > 50 |
| 2 | IPNAT00290a/M01 | Anisophylla grandis | Delek | Methanol | No; 0.647 ± 0.27 | > 50 |
| 3 | IPNAT00118a/M01 | Mangifera graffithii | Rawa | Methanol | Yes; 0.368 ± 0.06 | 29.059 ± 0.60 |
| 4 | IPNAT00156a/M01 | Gluta lanceolata | Rengas | Methanol | Yes; 0.333 ± 0.01 | 15.946 ± 0.82 |
| 5 | IPNAT00424a/M01 | Swintonia sp. | Merpauh | Methanol | No; 0.872 ± 0.03 | > 50 |
| 6 | IPNAT00180a/M01 | Buchanania sessilifolia | Ketak Udang, Pauh Pipit | Methanol | No; 0.733 ± 0.04 | > 50 |
| 7 | IPNAT00147a/M01 | Alstonia angustiloba | Pulai | Methanol | No; 0.522 ± 0.14 | > 50 |
| 8 | IPNAT00109a/M01 | Willughbeia angustifolia | Akar Getah Gaharu | Methanol | No; 0.625 ± 0.20 | > 50 |
| 9 | IPNAT00166a/M01 | Alstonia macrophylla | Pulai Penipu Bukit | Methanol | No; 1.164 ± 0.04 | > 50 |
| 10 | IPNAT00146a/M01 | Aglaonema Donna Carmen | Keladi | Methanol | No; 1.350 ± 0.05 | > 50 |
| 11 | IPNAT00185a/M01 | Pinanga malaiana | Pinang Hutan | Methanol | No; 1.159 ± 0.08 | > 50 |
| 12 | IPNAT00152a/M01 | Caryota mitis | Fishtail Palm (Dudar) | Methanol | No; 0.724 ± 0.04 | > 50 |
| 13 | IPNAT00259a/M01 | Eleiodoxa conferta | Kelubi | Methanol | Yes; 0.255 ± 0.07 | 25.796 ± 1.32 |
| 14 | IPNAT00124a/M01 | Thottea defenden | Hempedu Beruang | Methanol | No; 0.611 ± 0.16 | > 50 |
| 15 | IPNAT00252a/M01 | Dracaena fragrans | Keladi | Methanol | No; 0.717 ± 0.11 | > 50 |
| 16 | IPNAT00202a/M01 | Pajanelia longifolia | Beka | Methanol | No; 0.646 ± 0.12 | > 50 |
| 17 | IPNAT00186ab/M01 | Dacryodes sp. | Kedondong | Methanol | No; 0.656 ± 0.10 | > 50 |
| 18 | IPNAT00127a/M01 | Calophyllum calaba var.bracteatum | Bintangor | Methanol | Yes; 0.405 ± 0.02 | 30.971 ± 4.39 |
| 19 | IPNAT00120a/M01 | Atuna penangiana | Merbatu | Methanol | No; 0.666 ± 0.17 | > 50 |
| 20 | IPNAT00159a/M01 | Garcinia mangostana | Manggis | Methanol | No; 0.862 ± 0.06 | > 50 |
| 21 | IPNAT00141a/M01 | Garcinia pyrifera | Manggis Hutan | Methanol | No; 0.740 ± 0.13 | > 50 |
| 22 | IPNAT00065a/M01 | Ctenolophon parvifolius | Mertas | Methanol | No; 1.142 ± 0.04 | > 50 |
| 23 | IPNAT00137a/M01 | Tetracera indica | Akar Mempelas | Methanol | No; 0.512 ± 0.11 | > 50 |
| 24 | IPNAT00153a/M01 | Dillenia suffruticosa | Simpoh Air | Methanol | No; 1.021 ± 0.08 | > 50 |
| 25 | IPNAT00269a/M01 | Dillenia reticulata | Simpoh Gajah | Methanol | Yes; 0.347 ± 0.01 | 20.500 ± 0.97 |
| 26 | IPNAT00348a/M01 | Dipteris conjugata | Payung Ali | Methanol | Yes; 0.500 ± 0.04 | > 50 |
| 27 | IPNAT00270a/M01 | Shorea sp. | Meranti | Methanol | No; 0.648 ± 0.24 | > 50 |
| 28 | IPNAT00347a/M01 | Dryobalanops aromatica | Kapur | Methanol | No; 1.241 ± 0.00 | > 50 |
| 29 | IPNAT00201a/M01 | Mallotus leucodermis | Balik Angin | Methanol | No; 0.483 ± 0.15 | > 50 |
| 30 | IPNAT00158a/M01 | Hevea brasiliensis | Getah | Methanol | No; 0.841 ± 0.27 | > 50 |
| 31 | IPNAT00229a/M01 | Macaranga sp. | Mahang | Methanol | No; 0.685 ± 0.29 | > 50 |
| 32 | IPNAT00155a/M01 | Macaranga tanarius | Mahang Putih | Methanol | Yes; 0.536 ± 0.09 | > 50 |
| 33 | IPNAT00149a/M01 | Macaranga gigantea | Mahang Gajah | Methanol | No; 0.937 ± 0.20 | > 50 |
| 34 | IPNAT00142a/M01 | Mallotus barbatus | Balik Angin | Methanol | No; 0.693 ± 0.22 | > 50 |
| 35 | IPNAT00126a/M01 | Elateriospermum tapos | Pokok Perah | Methanol | No; 1.136 ± 0.07 | > 50 |
| 36 | IPNAT00119a/M01 | Manihot esculenta | Ubi Kayu | Methanol | No; 0.724 ± 0.15 | > 50 |
| 37 | IPNAT00145a/M01 | Croton argyratus | Hujan Panas | Methanol | No; 1.233 ± 0.05 | > 50 |
| 38 | IPNAT00167a/M01 | Callerya atropurpurea | Tulang Daing | Methanol | No; 1.188 ± 0.03 | > 50 |
| 39 | IPNAT00231a/M01 | Lithocarpus rassa | Mempening | Methanol | No; 0.399 ± 0.23 | > 50 |
| 40 | IPNAT00289a/M01 | Lithocarpus lucidus | Mempening | Methanol | Yes; 0.415 ± 0.05 | > 50 |
| 41 | IPNAT00288a/M01 | Lithocarpus curtisii | Mempening | Methanol | Yes; 0.452 ± 0.05 | > 50 |
| 42 | IPNAT00267a/M01 | Hanguana malayana | Bakong Rimba | Methanol | No; 1.132 ± 0.00 | > 50 |
| 43 | IPNAT00143a/M01 | Vitex quinata | Halban | Methanol | No; 0.814 ± 0.29 | > 50 |
| 44 | IPNAT00000a/M01 | Tetracera scandens | Akar Mempelas | Methanol | Yes; 0.386 ± 0.03 | 13.041 ± 0.82 |
| 45 | IPNAT00138a/M01 | Cinnamomum porrectum | Medang Kemangi | Methanol | Yes; 0.410 ± 0.02 | 15.986 ± 2.63 |
| 46 | IPNAT00284a/M01 | Litsea grandis | Medang Lebar Daun | Methanol | No; 0.597 ± 0.29 | > 50 |
| 47 | IPNAT00164a/M01 | Barringtonia macrostachya | Putat Hutan | Methanol | Yes; 0.565 ± 0.12 | 31.590 ± 3.75 |
| 48 | IPNAT00135a/M01 | Millettia chrysamaryssa | Akar Tuba | Methanol | No; 1.201 ± 0.04 | > 50 |
| 49 | IPNAT00268a/M01 | Angiopteris evecta | Paku Gajah | Methanol | No; 1.258 ± 0.08 | > 50 |
| 50 | IPNAT00116a/M01 | Pternandra coerulescens | Sial Menahun | Methanol | Yes; 0.370 ± 0.02 | 29.049 ± 4.05 |
| 51 | IPNAT00196a/M01 | Azadirachta excelsa | Sentang | Methanol | No; 0.771 ± 0.24 | > 50 |
| 52 | IPNAT00346a/M01 | Ficus sp. | Ara | Methanol | No; 1.173 ± 0.05 | > 50 |
| 53 | IPNAT00058a/M01 | Artocarpus elasticus | Terap Nasi | Methanol | No; 0.754 ± 0.04 | > 50 |
| 54 | IPNAT00286a/M01 | Ficus grandiflora | Ara | Methanol | No; 0.611 ± 0.12 | > 50 |
| 55 | IPNAT00151a/M01 | Ficus superba | Ara | Methanol | No; 0.755 ± 0.10 | > 50 |
| 56 | IPNAT00154a/M01 | Artocarpus rigidus | Temponek | Methanol | No; 0.499 ± 0.12 | > 50 |
| 57 | IPNAT00157a/M01 | Streblus elongatus | Tempinis | Methanol | Yes; 0.398 ± 0.03 | 31.806 ± 3.16 |
| 58 | IPNAT00162a/M01 | Ficus fruticosa | Ara Belukar | Methanol | No; 0.930 ± 0.17 | > 50 |
| 59 | IPNAT00038a/M01 | Averrhoa bilimbi | Belimbing Buluh | Methanol | No; 1.004 ± 0.09 | > 50 |
| 60 | IPNAT00160a/M01 | Baccaurea motleyana | Rambai | Methanol | No; 1.083 ± 0.06 | > 50 |
| 61 | IPNAT00281a/M01 | Antidesma sp. | Totua | Methanol | No; 0.757 ± 0.02 | > 50 |
| 62 | IPNAT00248a/M01 | Baccaurea sp. | Setambun | Methanol | No; 0.656 ± 0.19 | > 50 |
| 63 | IPNAT00163a/M01 | Antidesma cuspidatum | Sebasah, Punai | Methanol | Yes; 0.515 ± 0.03 | > 50 |
| 64 | IPNAT00021a/M01 | Piper sarmentosum | Kaduk | Methanol | No; 0.991 ± 0.21 | > 50 |
| 65 | IPNAT00168a/M01 | Bruguiera cylindrica | Bakau Putih | Methanol | No; 1.189 ± 0.03 | > 50 |
| 66 | IPNAT00123a/M01 | Gynostroches axillaris | Mata Keli | Methanol | No; 0.758 ± 0.29 | > 50 |
| 67 | IPNAT00121a/M01 | Greenea corymbosa | Tinjau Belukar | Methanol | No; 0.733 ± 0.18 | > 50 |
| 68 | IPNAT00161a/M01 | Nauclea orientalis | Bangkal | Methanol | Yes; 0.441 ± 0.05 | 44.843 ± 2.02 |
| 69 | IPNAT00117a/M01 | Porterandia anisophylla | Tinjau Belukar | Methanol | No; 0.899 ± 0.21 | > 50 |
| 70 | IPNAT00003a/M01 | Elephantopus scaber | Rumput Tutup Bumi | Methanol | No; 0.845 ± 0.14 | > 50 |
| 71 | IPNAT00260a/M01 | Maclurodendron porteri | Merlimau, Rawang | Methanol | No; 1.236 ± 0.09 | > 50 |
| 72 | IPNAT00144a/M01 | Pometia pinnata | Kasai | Methanol | No; 0.569 ± 0.08 | > 50 |
| 73 | IPNAT00165a/M01 | Erioglossum rubiginosum | Mertajam | Methanol | No; 1.006 ± 0.06 | > 50 |
| 74 | IPNAT00122a/M01 | Smilax sp. | Ubi Jaga | Methanol | Yes; 0.265 ± 0.09 | > 50 |
| 75 | IPNAT00443a/M01 | Sterculia parvifolia | Kelumpang | Methanol | No; 0.426 ± 0.01 | > 50 |
| 77 | IPNAT00092a/M01 | Adinandra dumosa | Tetiup | Methanol | Yes; 0.384 ± 0.06 | 14.473 ± 3.07 |
| 78 | IPNAT00136a/M01 | Gonystylus sp. | Ramin | Methanol | Yes; 0.488 ± 0.07 | > 50 |
| 79 | IPNAT00110a/M01 | Vitex pubescens | Leban | Methanol | No; 0.971 ± 0.20 | > 50 |
| 80 | IPNAT00125a/M01 | Amomum lappaceum | Tepus | Methanol | No; 1.104 ± 0.03 | > 50 |