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. 2025 Nov 14;20:1002. doi: 10.1186/s13018-025-06389-5

Table 4.

Optimisation results for eight implant design configurations

Design Iterations until convergence Stiffness range (MPa) Average stiffness (MPa) Number of failed elements in implant under fatigue loading (location of failed elements)
Linear fully porous (LFP) 185 7970 7970 17 (medial and lateral at half length of the implant)
Radial fully porous (RFP) 153 7970 7970 17 (medial and lateral at half length of the implant)
Linear proximal porous (LPP) 158 7757–7970 7872 0
Radial proximal porous (RPP) 154 5478–7970 7580 0
Linear distal shell (LDS) 274 7720–7911 7852 1 (medial distal end of proximal porous implant region)
Radial distal shell (RDS) 291 5023–7970 6719 1 (medial distal end of proximal porous implant region)
Linear solid shell (LSS) 296 3110 3110 0
Radial solid shell (RSS) 205 3110 3110 0