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. 2025 Oct 6;11(4):753–763. doi: 10.1007/s41030-025-00319-w

Table 1.

Patient baseline characteristics

Asthma
(n = 142)
COPD
(n = 95)
Total
(n = 237)
Age (years), mean (SD) 51.0 (16.1) 65.5 (10.2) 56.9 (15.7)
Height (cm), mean (SD) 165 (13.0) 164 (8.2) 165 (11.3)
Weight (kg), mean (SD) 76.6 (20.9) 72.9 (18.1) 75.1 (19.8)
Sex (female), n (%) 111 (78.2) 54 (56.8) 165 (69.6)
Education, n (%)
 Primary school 36 (25.4) 53 (55.8) 89 (37.6)
 Secondary school 82 (57.7) 35 (36.8) 117 (49.4)
University or college degree 24 (16.9) 7 (7.4) 31 (13.1)
Smoking status, n (%)
 Current smoker 14 (9.9) 45 (47.4) 59 (24.9)
 Previous smoker 13 (9.2) 34 (35.8) 47 (19.8)
 Never smoked 115 (81.0) 16 (16.8) 131 (55.3)
FEV1% predicted, mean (SD) 76.7 (17.3) 51.3 (18.1) 66.5 (21.6)