Table 3.

Clinical outcomes among patients with COPD (N = 95) switching from pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) to dry powder inhaler (DPI)

Outcome parameter	Baseline visit (pMDI)	12-week visit (DPI)	p value
CAT † mean (95% CI)	23.5 (22.3–24.6)	16.8 (15.9–17.8)	< .0001
FEV1% mean (95% CI)	51.3 (47.6–55.0)	58.8 (55.2–62.4)	< .0001
mMRC ‡ median (min, max)	2.0 (0.0–4.0)	1.0 (1.0–3.0)	< .0001

DPI used in the study was budesonide–formoterol Easyhaler

CI Confidence Interval

^†COPD Assessment Test scores: a score > 20 indicating a high impact of COPD on daily life; the minimum clinically important difference is 2 or more [17, 20]

^‡Modified medical research council (mMRC) dyspnea scale: score > 1 indicating difficulty in walking due to breathlessness [17]