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. 2025 Nov 18;13:1271. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-03607-x

Table 2.

Item-Level descriptive statistics and reliability indices for the MSWS-12

Item λ Mean SD SEM SDC Skewness Kurtosis SMC
i1 0.739 2.64 1.05 0.32 0.88 0.21 −0.67 0.522
i2 0.720 2.61 0.98 0.30 0.83 0.33 −0.40 0.502
i3 0.642 2.62 0.92 0.29 0.80 0.29 −0.37 0.423
i4 0.707 2.70 1.03 0.32 0.87 0.28 −0.53 0.491
i5 0.721 2.63 0.98 0.30 0.82 0.36 −0.27 0.502
i6 0.710 2.62 1.05 0.31 0.86 0.21 −0.67 0.494
i7 0.700 2.64 0.97 0.30 0.82 0.30 −0.37 0.466
i8 0.736 2.59 0.96 0.30 0.83 0.29 −0.41 0.510
i9 0.692 2.52 1.00 0.30 0.84 0.35 −0.33 0.477
i10 0.717 2.57 1.06 0.32 0.88 0.32 −0.40 0.487
i11 0.659 2.62 1.02 0.30 0.82 0.27 −0.52 0.424
i12 0.747 2.65 0.98 0.30 0.83 0.16 −0.64 0.533

λ Factor Loading, M Mean, SD Standard Deviation, SEM Standard Error of Measurement, SDC Smallest Detectable Change, SMC Square multiple correlation All values align with COSMIN thresholds (λ > 0.50; SMC > 0.30)