Table 1.
Sociodemographic, nonadherence, and clinic characteristics
| Characteristics | |
|---|---|
| n | 677 |
| Age (years) (means ± SD) | 63.9 ± 10.6 |
| Women (%) | 53.2 |
| Race (%) | |
| Caucasian | 53.3 |
| African American | 41.4 |
| Other | 5.3 |
| Clinical outcomes [means ± SD (n)] | |
| HbA1c (%) | 8.0 ± 1.4 (675) |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dl) | 116.9 ± 30.7 (659) |
| Blood pressure (mmHg) | 138.5 ± 12.8/80.0 ± 7.2 (674) |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 33.1 ± 6.8 (560) |
| Treatments during each study year [% (n)] | |
| Metformin | 45.5 (308) |
| Statins | 42.4 (287) |
| ACE inhibitors | 56.7 (384) |
| Number of drugs used [means (median)] | |
| Oral antidiabetic drugs (among metformin users) | 2.1 (2) |
| Lipid-lowering drugs (among statin users) | 1.1 (1) |
| Antihypertensive drugs (among ACE inhibitor users) | 2.6 (2) |
| Nonadherence indices (CMG percentages)* [median (means ± SD)] | |
| Metformin | 16.8 (21.6 ± 18.9) |
| Statins | 13.2 (18.4 ± 17.7) |
| ACE inhibitors | 7.3 (13.7 ± 16.1) |
| Prevalence of nonadherence (%)† | |
| Metformin | 43 |
| Statins | 36 |
| ACE inhibitors | 23 |
*
CMG indicates the proportion of days with gaps in medication refills over the days in the observation period.
†
Nonadherence is defined as CMG >20%.