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. 2025 Nov 18;45(1):162. doi: 10.1007/s10875-025-01959-y

Table 2.

Reference values for B lymphocyte subsets and dendritic cells for children aged 0 − 12 years

0–2 years (median: 1.1) n = 23 2–4 years (median: 3.4) n = 14 4–6 years (median: 4.9) n = 16 6–12 years (median: 8.1) n = 15
Naive B lymphocytes (%) 83 (75 − 89) 73 (66 − 79) 66 (51 − 74) 56 (45 − 66)
Memory B lymphocytes (%) 13 (9 − 23) 25 (17 − 32) 29 (23 − 45) 41 (29 − 53)
Non-switched memory B, nsmB (%) 10 (7 − 15) 14 (9 − 21) 15 (11 − 23) 20 (12 − 27)
Switched memory B, smB (%) 2 (1 − 3) 5 (4 − 10) 10 (6 − 24) 14 (8 − 21)
CD21lowCD38low activated B (%) 6 (3 − 8) 8 (5 − 11) 10 (6 − 13) 10 (6 − 20)
CD19+CD38highIgMhigh transitional B (%) 12 (8 − 17) 9 (7 − 15) 6 (3 − 11) 4 (3 − 6)
Plasmablasts (%) 0.6 (0.2 − 1.4) 0.3 (0.2 − 2.0) 1 (0.3 − 2.8) 0.6 (0.2 − 1.6)
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells, pDC (%) 0.18 (0.06 − 0.32) 0.18 (0.08 − 0.38) 0.2 (0.09 − 0.37) 0.18 (0.11 − 0.48)
Myeloid dendritic cells, mDC (%) 0.08 (0.02 − 0.16) 0.08 (0.02 − 0.18) 0.15 (0.07 − 0.29) 0.1 (0.03 − 0.2)

Percentages are shown as median and percentile range (P10 − P90). B cell subsets are shown as % of CD19+ B cells, and dendritic cells as % of peripheral blood leucocytes