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. 2025 Nov 19;25:4063. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-25227-1

Table 1.

Demographic, behavioral, psychosocial, and health-related factors

Variables Total (n = 1250)
Demographic Factors
Age 40.57 ± 8.01
BMI Underweight 20 (1.69%)
Normal 386 (32.66%)
Overweight 548 (46.36%)
Obese 228 (19.29%)
Sex Female 543 (43.44%)
Male 707 (56.56%)
Wealth status Poor 412 (33.36%)
Middle 411 (33.28%)
Rich 412 (33.36%)
Marital status Single 184 (14.72%)
Married 1066 (85.28%)
Education Under diploma 87 (6.96%)
Diploma 272 (21.76%)
Undergraduate 685 (54.8%)
Postgraduate 206 (16.48%)
Behavioral Factors
Mobile use (hours/day) < 3 625 (50.61%)
3–5 473 (38.3%)
≥ 5 137 (11.09%)
Physical activity Low 271 (21.93%)
Moderate 572 (46.28%)
High 393 (31.8%)
Smoking status Non-smokers 1054 (88.05%)
Smokers 143 (11.95%)
Psychosocial Factors
Effort-Reward Imbalance Balance 488 (39.39%)
Imbalance 751 (60.61%)
Depression No 1139 (92.98%)
Yes 86 (7.02%)
Health-Related Factor
Comorbidity Zero 877 (70.16%)
One 277 (22.16%)
Two 78 (6.24%)
> two 18 (1.44%)

The results are reported as n (%) for qualitative variable and mean ± SD for quantitative