Table 1.

Hemodynamic and metabolic parameters throughout hospitalization and follow-up.

Parameter	Baseline	Post-Impella	Pre-TAVR (Impella in situ)	Post-TAVR	6-mo follow-up
Hemodynamics
Systolic BP, mm Hg	70	95	122	150	133
Heart rate, bpm	125	103	93	72	83
PCWP, mm Hg	50	36	25	18	–
Peak-to-peak gradient, mm Hg	125	6	–	10	–
Lactate, mmol/L	4.2	3.0	–	1.2	–
Norepinephrine, μg/kg/min	0.08	0.06	0.02	0	0
Dobutamine, μg/kg/min	6	4	2	0	0
Echocardiographic parameters
LVEF, %	10-15	25	Moderately reduceda	35	65-70
LV diameter, cm	5.4	5.1	–	3.8	4.2
LV geometryb	Eccentric hypertrophy	Eccentric hypertrophy	–	Concentric hypertrophy	Concentric remodeling
Aortic valve
AVA, cm2c	0.57c	–	–	2.1	2.1
AVA indexed, cm2/m2c	0.32	–	–	1.2	1.2
Mean gradient, mm Hg	42	–	–	10	9
Peak gradient, mm Hg	69	–	–	13	12
Maximum velocity, cm/s	408	–	–	181	175
DVI	0.15	–	–	0.78	0.80
AR grade	–	–	Milda	Trace	Minimal
Other parameters
RV function	Normal	Normal	Normala	Normal	Normal
MR grade	–	–	–	–	Nonsignificant
TR grade	–	–	–	–	Nonsignificant

AR, aortic regurgitation; AVA, aortic valve area; BP, blood pressure; bpm, beats per minute; DVI, Doppler velocity index; LV, left ventricular; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MR, mitral regurgitation; PCWP, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure; RV, right ventricular; TAVR, transcatheter aortic valve replacement; TR, tricuspid regurgitation.

^aMeasured by transesophageal echocardiography. Other measurements were performed by transthoracic echocardiography.

^bAccording to American Society of Echocardiography criteria.

^cAccording to continuity equation.