Table 3.
Association between drug classes (ATC classification) and headache as an adverse drug reaction (ADR), presented by reporting odds ratio (ROR) and frequency.
| ATC | No. of drugs | ROR (95% CI) | PRR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| A10 DRUGS USED IN DIABETES | 4 | 0.32 (0.313–0.332) | 0.322 (0.313–0.332) |
| B01 ANTITHROMBOTIC AGENTS | 5 | 1.042 (1.024–1.06) | 1.042 (1.024–1.06) |
| B06 OTHER HEMATOLOGICAL AGENTS | 1 | 3.215 (3.015–3.314) | 3.161 (3.015–3.314) |
| C02 ANTIHYPERTENSIVES | 3 | 0.684 (0.667–0.704) | 0.685 (0.667–0.704) |
| C08 CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS | 1 | 0.109 (0.105–0.116) | 0.11 (0.105–0.116) |
| C09 AGENTS ACTING ON THE RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM | 1 | 0.413 (0.393–0.438) | 0.415 (0.393–0.438) |
| C10 LIPID MODIFYING AGENTS | 1 | 0.773 (0.742–0.808) | 0.774 (0.742–0.808) |
| D10 ANTI-ACNE PREPARATIONS | 1 | 2.365 (2.205–2.483) | 2.34 (2.205–2.483) |
| D11 OTHER DERMATOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS | 2 | 0.856 (0.837–0.878) | 0.857 (0.837–0.877) |
| G03 SEX HORMONES AND MODULATORS OF THE GENITAL SYSTEM | 3 | 1.101 (1.065–1.136) | 1.1 (1.065–1.137) |
| G04 UROLOGICALS | 1 | 0.422 (0.399–0.493) | 0.424 (0.399–0.493) |
| H01 PITUITARY AND HYPOTHALAMIC HORMONES AND ANALOGUES | 2 | 0.642 (0.621–0.668) | 0.644 (0.621–0.668) |
| H03 THYROID THERAPY | 1 | 0.235 (0.227–0.246) | 0.236 (0.227–0.246) |
| H05 CALCIUM HOMEOSTASIS | 1 | 6.268 (5.808–6.247) | 6.024 (5.808–6.247) |
| J01 ANTIBACTERIALS FOR SYSTEMIC USE | 1 | 2.53 (2.337–2.674) | 2.5 (2.337–2.674) |
| J05 ANTIVIRALS FOR SYSTEMIC USE | 4 | 4.259 (4.061–4.25) | 4.155 (4.061–4.25) |
| J06 IMMUNE SERA AND IMMUNOGLOBULINS | 1 | 1.345 (1.306–1.377) | 1.341 (1.306–1.377) |
| L01 ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENTS | 12 | 0.322 (0.32–0.329) | 0.324 (0.32–0.329) |
| L02 ENDOCRINE THERAPY | 1 | 0.1 (0.093–0.108) | 0.093 (0.093–0.108) |
| L03 IMMUNOSTIMULANTS | 1 | 1.03 (0.973–1.097) | 1.03 (0.973–1.097) |
| L04 IMMUNOSUPPRESSANTS | 28 | 0.423 (0.393–0.451) | 0.425 (0.422–0.451) |
| M01 ANTIINFLAMMATORY AND ANTIRHEUMATIC PRODUCTS | 1 | 0.117 (0.111–0.124) | 0.111 (0.111–0.124) |
| M03 MUSCLE RELAXANTS | 1 | 1.292 (1.224–1.356) | 1.289 (1.224–1.356) |
| M05 DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF BONE DISEASES | 2 | 1.823 (1.725–1.902) | 1.812 (1.725–1.902) |
| N01 ANESTHETICS | 1 | 1.043 (0.937–1.136) | 1.043 (0.991–1.097) |
| N02 ANALGESICS | 7 | 0.232 (0.229–0.238) | 0.234 (0.229–0.238) |
| N03 ANTIEPILEPTICS | 1 | 1.541 (1.42–1.657) | 1.534 (1.42–1.657) |
| N05 PSYCHOLEPTICS | 1 | 0.06 (0.056–0.065) | 0.06 (0.056–0.065) |
| N06 PSYCHOANALEPTICS | 3 | 0.377 (0.366–0.392) | 0.379 (0.366–0.392) |
| N07 OTHER NERVOUS SYSTEM DRUGS | 2 | 0.667 (0.64–0.698) | 0.668 (0.64–0.698) |
| R03 DRUGS FOR OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASES | 4 | 0.436 (0.427–0.448) | 0.438 (0.427–0.448) |
| R06 ANTIHISTAMINES FOR SYSTEMIC USE | 1 | 0.597 (0.555–0.646) | 0.556 (0.556–0.646) |
| R07 OTHER RESPIRATORY SYSTEM PRODUCTS | 1 | 0.108 (0.102–0.116) | 0.102 (0.102–0.116) |