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. 2025 Nov 21;15:41422. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-25363-z

Table 7.

Comparative study of OEMPTER-ISCSO model with existing approaches20,21,50.

Approach Inline graphic Inline graphic Inline graphic Inline graphic
bc-LSTM 82.33 74.38 58.90 61.45
CRN Algorithm 79.90 68.68 59.74 63.05
PCN Method 90.11 69.06 60.52 63.53
BERT-BiLSTM 87.92 69.09 59.01 62.02
XLNet Model 88.64 71.46 59.40 63.51
Bert Method 85.86 72.58 60.00 61.03
XLNet-BIGRU-Att 91.71 72.93 58.34 60.52
Base ViT 68.34 71.13 59.78 63.76
CrossViT 69.74 75.08 59.19 63.34
Cross Former 72.47 71.51 60.64 61.85
Early ConViT 68.24 69.40 59.22 63.18
Mobile ViT 74.28 73.69 59.52 61.09
PiT Model 72.84 76.27 60.47 62.26
OEMPTER-ISCSO 95.93 96.68 95.93 96.30