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. 2025 Nov 21;15:41422. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-25363-z

Table 9.

Comparative performance evaluation of the OEMPTER-ISCSO methodology through ablation study against existing techniques.

Methodology Inline graphic Inline graphic Inline graphic Inline graphic
DBN (without ISCO) 92.22 78.31 57.56 61.96
DBN (with ISCO) 92.75 78.86 58.41 62.69
ENN (without ISCO) 93.61 79.39 59.06 63.52
ENN (with ISCO) 94.38 79.95 59.84 64.02
TCNN (without ISCO) 95.02 80.79 60.63 64.87
TCNN (with ISCO) 95.84 81.44 61.19 65.45
OEMPTER-ISCSO (Fusion Model with hyperparameter selection) 95.93 96.68 95.93 96.30