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. 2025 Nov 21;15:41255. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-25143-9

Table 5.

Experimental site Characteristics.

Site name Size (hectares) Primary function Typical user demographics Daily visitors Existing infrastructure Site-Specific challenges
Metropolitan Central Plaza 2.4 Transit hub + social gathering Commuters (60%), tourists (25%), residents (15%) 8,500 − 12,000 WiFi coverage, 85 fixed benches, 3 fountains, pergola structures High congestion 7–9 AM & 5–7 PM, noise pollution > 75 dB
Riverside Park 3.8 Recreation + exercise Families (50%), joggers (30%), elderly (20%) 2,000–4,500 Walking paths (2.8 km), 2 playgrounds, lighting poles Variable weather impact, uneven visitor distribution
University Courtyard 1.2 Student activities + study Students (85%), faculty (15%) 1,500-3,000 Outdoor seating (180 units), WiFi, bike racks Peak usage during class breaks, seasonal fluctuation