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. 2025 Nov 21;15:41377. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-25387-5

Table 3.

Environmental indicators – production of 1 kg of natural aggregate45.

Ref Coarse/fine Natural/ Crushed/ GWP Energy consumption
Recycled Rolled (kg CO2 eq) (MJ)
46 Coarse Natural Crushed 3.14E-02 4.41E-01
47 Coarse Natural Crushed 1.54E-02 2.40E-01
48 Coarse Natural Crushed 4.39E-03 3.20E-01
49 Coarse Natural Crushed 2.12E-03 2.19E-02
50 Coarse Natural Crushed 3.20E-02 4.96E-01
51 Coarse Natural Rolled 1.39E-03 1.48E-02
49 Coarse Natural Rolled 1.34E-03 1.12E-02
48 Fine Natural Rolled 4.39E-03 3.20E-01
49 Fine Natural Rolled 2.12E-03 2.19E-02
46 Fine Natural Rolled 9.87E-03 1.35E-01
50 Fine Natural Rolled 2.30E-02 3.41E-01
49 Fine Natural Rolled 1.43E-03 1.12E-02
46 Fine Natural Crushed 2.79E-03 3.92E-01
50 Fine Natural Crushed 3.30E-02 5.18E-01
49 Fine Natural Crushed 2.12E-03 2.19E-02