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. 2025 Nov 21;25:1633. doi: 10.1186/s12879-025-11612-z

Table 2.

Clinical and demographic characteristics in survivors and nonsurvivors

Survivors
(n = 832)
Non survivors
(n = 539)
P Value
Age, years 50.1 ± 14.4 61.8 ± 15.8 < 0.001
Lactate (mEq/L)* 2.3 [1.8–2.8] 2.6 [2.1–3.3] < 0.001
SAPS 3 49 [42–57.5] 64 [53–81] < 0.001
Mortality risk** 15.9 [8.0 −30.5] 44.0 [22.1–75.0] < 0.001
Comorbidities
CCI 0 [0–1] 1 [0–2] < 0.001
Hypotension 342 (41.2) 477 (88.7) < 0.001

Categories, number of patients

Very Low

140 (16.8) 41 (7.6) < 0.001
Low 183 (22.0) 82 (15.2) < 0.001
Intermediate 251 (30.2) 151 (28.0) < 0.001
High 258 (31.0) 265 (49.2) < 0.001
Lower 323 (38.8) 123 (22.8) < 0.001
Higher 509 (61.2) 416 (77.2) < 0.001

CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, SAH Systemic Arterial Hypertension, SAPS 3 Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3, DM Diabetes Mellitus, COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, LOS Hospital Length of Stay. Numbers are presented as mean ± standard deviation, median with interquartile ranges [IQR] or n (%). * Median [IQR] levels of serum lactate (higher value in the first 48 h).** Calculated using the SAPS 3 score model