Table 2.
Multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors for immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced thyroid dysfunction and its subtypes in patients with abnormal baseline thyroid function.
| Characteristic | Thyroid dysfunction (n = 99)1 | Hypothyroidism (n = 85)1 | Thyrotoxicosis (n = 62)1 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95%CI) | P-value | OR (95%CI) | P-value | OR (95%CI) | P-value | |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | 1.00 (Reference) | |||
| Female | 0.82 (0.37–1.82) | 0.633 | 0.67 (0.27–1.68) | 0.396 | 1.11 (0.30–4.06) | 0.873 |
| Age, years | 1.00 (0.97–1.04) | 0.872 | 1.00 (0.97–1.04) | 0.809 | 0.97 (0.92–1.03) | 0.287 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 1.10 (0.98–1.23) | 0.115 | 1.07 (0.94–1.22) | 0.320 | 1.13 (0.92–1.39) | 0.228 |
| FT4, pmol/L | 0.93 (0.85–1.02) | 0.121 | 0.88 (0.78–0.99) | 0.037 | 1.01 (0.88–1.16) | 0.914 |
| NLR | 0.89 (0.75–1.07) | 0.217 | 0.97 (0.81–1.16) | 0.750 | 0.62 (0.36–1.07) | 0.087 |
Multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to assess the association between selected variables and the development of ICI-induced overt thyroid dysfunction. Variables included in the models were those with p < 0.1 in univariate analyses and those deemed clinically relevant, including sex and age. The primary model compared patients who developed any form of ICI-induced overt thyroid dysfunction with those who did not. Subgroup analyses were additionally performed to separately evaluate risk factors for overt hypothyroidism and overt thyrotoxicosis.
1Models comprised the 48 patients with abnormal baseline thyroid function who did not develop overt thyroid dysfunction as the reference. Case counts were: 51 overt thyroid dysfunctions; 37 overt hypothyroidisms; 14 overt thyrotoxicosis. Bold p-values indicate statistical differences.
ICI, Immune checkpoint inhibitor; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; FT4, free thyroxine; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio.