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. 2025 Nov 24;20:602. doi: 10.1186/s13023-025-04106-3

Table 2a.

Sociodemographic data and oral manifestations (overall and per hospital)

Variable: All data (N = 149) Hospital comparison
HSJD Group (N = 89) MMRRH group (N = 60) p-value
Age: (years) 10.51 (4.05) 10.47 (4.25) 10.57 (3.76) 0.882 (1)

Sex: Female

  Male

68 (45.6%)

81 (54.4%)

40 (44.9%)

49 (55.1%)

28 (46.7%)

32 (53.3%)

0.868 (3)
Mean height (cm); (SD) 124.31 (22.04) 124.20(22.359) 124.42(21.88) 0.957 (1)
Mean weight: (kg) 34.43 (14.70) 33.87(16.27) 35.07(12.79) 0.214 (2)
Mean Mouth opening (cm); (SD) 37.0 (5.65) 34.43(3.73) 41.0(6.49) < 0.001 *(2)
Dentition:

 Temporary

 Mixed

 Permanent

23 (15.4%)

75 (50.3%)

51 (34.2%)

13(14.6%)

51(57.3%)

25 (28.1%)

10(16.7%)

24(40.0%)

26(43.3%)

0.97(3)
Plaque Index:

 PI 0

 PI 1

 PI 2

 PI 3

15 (10.1%)

58 (38.9%)

54 (36.2%)

22 (14.8%)

9 (10.1%)

26 (29.2%)

39 (43.8%)

15 (16.9%)

6 (10.0%)

32 (53.3%)

15 (25.0%)

7 (11.7%)

0.023* (2)
Gingival index:

 GI 0

 GI 1

 GI 2

 GI 3

3 (2.0%)

29 (19.5%)

81 (54.4%)

36 (24.2%)

3 (3.4%)

23 (25.8%)

42 (47.2%)

21(23.6%)

0

6 (10.0%)

39 (65.0%)

15 (25.0%)

0.033* (2)
DMF-T:

 0

 1–2

 > 2

96 (64.4%)

21 (14.1%)

32 (21.5%)

62 (69.7%)

10 (11.2%)

17 (19.1%)

34 (56.7%)

11 (18.3%)

15 (25.0%)

0.105 (2)
Dental fluorosis:

 No

 Mild

 Moderate

 Severe

132 (88.6%)

6 (4.0%)

8 (5.4%)

3 (2.0%)

88 (98.9%)

1 (1.1%)

-

-

44 (73.3%)

5 (8.3%)

8 (13.3%)

3 (5.0%)

0.001* (2)

(*) p-value < 0.05: significant. Numbers next to the p-value show which test was used: Student’s t-test (1), Mann-Whitney’s U-test (2), chi-square test (3) or Fisher’s exact test (4)