Table 3.
Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses associated of factors with 3-year OS before PSM (n=921).
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR (95% CI) | P | HR (95% CI) | P | |
| TME quality (Grade B/C vs. Grade A) | 2.096 (1.213~3.624) | 0.008 | 2.114 (1.252~3.568) | 0.005 |
| Surgery method (Laparoscopic vs. Open) | 1.473 (0.865~2.509) | 0.154 | ||
| Gender (Female vs. Male) | 0.592 (0.349~1.007) | 0.053 | 0.589 (0.348~0.998) | 0.049 |
| Age (>60 vs. ≤60 years) | 1.318 (0.819~2.119) | 0.255 | ||
| BMI (>25 vs. ≤25 kg/m2) | 0.949 (0.537~1.678) | 0.857 | ||
| ASA score ((III, II vs. I) | 1.009 (0.623~1.634) | 0.971 | ||
| CEA (>5 vs. ≤5 ng/ml) | 1.329 (0.744~2.371) | 0.336 | ||
| CA19-9 (>37 vs. ≤37 U/ml) | 2.333 (0.927~5.869) | 0.072 | 2.568 (1.070~6.160) | 0.035 |
| Distance to the anal verge (mm) | 0.981 (0.964~0.998) | 0.033 | 0.982 (0.968~0.997) | 0.016 |
| Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (Yes vs. No) | 1.962 (1.097~3.507) | 0.023 | 1.868 (1.057~3.300) | 0.031 |
| Sphincter preservation (Yes vs. No) | 1.081 (0.588~1.988) | 0.801 | ||
| Central group lymph nodes status (Positive vs. Negative) | 2.597 (0.834~8.085) | 0.100 | 3.017 (1.006~9.041) | 0.049 |
| pT stage (T4, T3, T2, T1 vs. T0/Tis) | 1.722 (1.109~2.675) | 0.015 | 1.361 (1.059~1.750) | 0.016 |
| pN stage (N+ vs. N0) | 5.345 (1.520~18.787) | 0.009 | 2.316 (1.415~3.790) | 0.001 |
| pTNM stage (III, II, I vs. 0) | 0.553 (0.243~1.259) | 0.158 | ||
Abbreviations: PSM, propensity-score matching; OS, overall survival; BMI, body mass index; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists Score; CEA, circumferential resection margin; CA19-9, carbohydrate antigen 19-9.