Table 1.
Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics
| Variables | HR-MAS (n=28) | HR-PLA (n=16) | LR-MAS (n=46) | HC (n=45) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 14.12±2.31 | 13.14±2.75 | 14.26±2.49 | 14.76±2.41 | .156 |
| Sex, female n (%) | 12 (42.9%) | 4 (25.0%) | 16 (34.8%) | 17 (37.8%) | .684 |
| Handedness, right-handed, n (%) | 26 (92.9%) | 12 (75.0%) | 39 (84.8%) | 43 (95.6%) | .146 |
| Race, White n (%) | 18 (64.3%) | 8 (50.0%) | 30 (65.2%) | 29 (64.4%) | .407 |
| BMI | 24.28±7.63 | 23.17±4.45 | 24.17±6.91 | 22.33±4.37 | .441 |
| ADHD subtype | |||||
| ADHD-I, n (%) | 9 (32.1%) | 4 (25.0%) | 28 (60.9%) | - | .011 |
| ADHD-C, n (%) | 19 (67.9%) | 12 (75.0%) | 18 (39.1%) | - | |
| Prior psychostimulant use, n (%) | 12 (42.9%) | 7 (43.8%) | 16 (34.8%) | - | .715 |
| ADHD-RS total score | 35.18±9.57 | 35.00±12.4 | 32.52±10.0 | - | .495 |
| Hyperactivity/Impulsivity | 15.43±7.29 | 15.94±7.36 | 11.93±8.15 | - | .084 |
| Inattention | 19.75±5.07 | 19.06±6.61 | 20.59±4.89 | - | .572 |
Note: Values are mean ± standard deviation or number of subjects (n) and percentage (%). ADHD = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; ADHD-C = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder combined type; ADHD-I = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder inattentive type; ADHD-RS = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder rating scale; BMI = body mass index; HC = healthy control; HR-MAS = high-risk youth treated with mixed amphetamine salts; HR-PLA = high-risk youth treated with placebo; LR-MAS = low-risk youth treated with mixed amphetamine salts.