Table 2.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of 46 Patients Who Underwent Cardiac Surgery
| Patients | Total (N = 46), n (%) |
|---|---|
| Age, y | 63.97 |
| Female | 9 (19.56) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | |
| 25–35 | 32 (69.56) |
| >35 | 14 (30.43) |
| Average BMI | 32.57 |
| Noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus | 4 (8.69) |
| Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus | 22 (47.82) |
| PVD | 11 (23.91) |
| Hypertension | 42 (91.30) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 42 (91.30) |
| Current smoker | 19 (41.30) |
| Former smoker | 12 (26.08) |
| Cardiac surgery lasting > 300 min | 6 (13.04) |
| Reexploration required | 4 (8.70) |
| Previous cardiac operation > 6 mo | 2 (4.35) |
| COPD | 15 (32.61) |
| Creatinine > 1.21 | 9 (19.56) |
| Chronic renal disease | 17 (36.95) |
| OSA | 25 (54.25) |
| OSA compliant with CPAP | 9 (19.57) |
| Fall risk factors | 20 (43.47) |
| Noncompliance with sternal precautions postcardiac surgery | 16 (34.78) |
| Mechanical trauma postcardiac surgery | 7 (15.22) |
| Chronic cough postcardiac surgery | 20 (43.48) |
| Use of ACE inhibitors | 14 (30.43) |
| Use of acid reflux medication | 19 (41.30) |
| Use of respiratory medication (inhalers, steroids, cough medication) | 18 (39.13) |
| Frequent use of oral steroids | 3 (6.52) |