Table 2.

Association between vitamin D deficiency and 5-year outcomes.

Outcomes	VDD group (n = 126,563)	Control group (n = 126,563)	HR (95% CI)	P-value*
	Events (%)	Events (%)
OSA	7,173 (5.7%)	5,522 (4.4%)	1.26 (1.21–1.30)	<0.001
Insomnia	6,629 (5.2%)	5,383 (4.3%)	1.19 (1.15–1.23)	<0.001
Hypersomnia	1,783 (1.41%)	1,489 (1.18%)	1.15 (1.07–1.23)	<0.001
Circadian rhythm sleep disorders	322 (0.25%)	309 (0.24%)	0.995 (0.85–1.16)	0.952

VDD, vitamin D deficiency; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; ^* P < 0.0125 was considered significance following Bonferroni correction.